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Chap 7 duncan
7.1 7.2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cell | basic units of life |
| cell theory | fundemental concept of biology |
| nucleus | contains the cells genetic material in the form of dna |
| eukaryote | cells that contain nuclei |
| prokaryote | cells that do not contain nuculei |
| organelle | little organisms |
| cytoplasm | portion of the cell outside the nucleus |
| nuclear envelope | surrounds the nucleus composed of two membranes |
| chromatin | the granular material you can see in the nucleus |
| chromosomes | thread-like structures that contain the genetic info that is passed from one |
| nucleolus | where the assembly of ribosomes begins |
| ribosomes | small particles of RNA amd protien found throughout the cytoplasm |
| endoplasmic reticulum | an internal membrane system contained in eukaryotic cells |
| golgi apparatus | protiens produced in the rough ER move next into an organelle |
| lysosomes | small organelles filled with enzymes |
| vacuoles | sac-like strucktures that store materials such as water, salts, protiens, and carbohydrates. |
| mitchondria | organelles that convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convienent for the cells to use |
| chloroplasts | organelles that capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis |
| cytoskeleton | supporting structures that give eukaryotic cells their shape |
| centrioles | located near the nucleus and help to organize cell division |
| cell membrane | the semipermeable membrane enclosing the cytoplasm of a cell |
| cell wall | the definite boundary or wall that is part of the outer structure of certain cells, as a plant cell |
| lipid bilayer | two-layered arrangement of phosphate and lipid molecules that form a cell membrane |
| concentration | the mass of solute in a given volume |
| diffusion | intermingling of molecules, ions, etc |
| equilibrium | state of balance between opposing forces, powers, or influences |
| isotonic | noting or pertaining to solutions characterized by equal osmotic pressure |
| hypertonic | noting a solution of higher osmotic pressure than another solution with which it is compared |
| hypotonic | (of tissue) having less than the normal tone |
| Facilitated diffusion | the diffusion of glucose |
| Active transport | the movement of ions or molecules across a cellular membrane from a lower to a higher concentration, requiring the consumption of energy |
| phagocytosis | the ingestion of a smaller cell or cell fragment, a microorganism, or foreign particles by means of the local infolding of a cell's membrane and the protrusion of its cytoplasm around the fold until the material has been surrounded and engulfed by closure |
| pinocytosis | the transport of fluid into a cell by means of local infoldings by the cell membrane so that a tiny vesicle or sac forms around each droplet, which is then taken into the interior of the cytoplasm |
| exocytosis | the transport of material out of a cell by means of a sac or vesicle that first engulfs the material and then is extruded through an opening in the cell membrane |
| cell specialization | cells develope in different ways to preform different tasks |
| tissue | substance forming the body of an animal or plant |
| organ | part of an animal or plant having a specific function |
| organ system | group of organs that work together to preform a specific function. |
Created by:
jduncan
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