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science rules
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cell | collection of living matter enclosed by a barrier that seperates the cell from its surrounding; basic unit of al forms of life |
| cell theory | fundamental concept of bilogy |
| nucleus | large membrane structure that contains the cells genetic material in the form of DNA |
| EUKARYOTES | CELLS THAT CONTAIN NUCLEI |
| PROKARYOTES | CELLS THAT DO NOT CONTAIN NUCLEI |
| organelles | specializied organs, little organs |
| cytoplasm | portion of the cell outside the nucleus |
| nuclear envelope | 2 membranes |
| chromatim | granular material you can see in the nucleus |
| chromosomes | threadlike structures that contain the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next |
| nucleolus | small dense region in nucleus |
| ribosomes | small particles of rna and protein found throughout the cytoplasm |
| endoplasmic reticulum | cells with an internal membrane system |
| golgi apparatus | organelle |
| lysosomes | small organells filled with enzymes |
| vacuoles | saclike structures |
| mitochondria | organellesthat convert the cehmical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use |
| chloroplasts | organelles that capture energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis |
| cytoskeleton | supporting structure that gives eukaryotic celss their shape |
| centioles | structures in animal cells located near the nucleus, help organize cell divison |
| cell membrane | thin flexible barrier that surrounds all cells |
| cell wall | strong supporting layer around the membrane |
| lipid bilayer | double layered sheet that makes up nearly all cell membranes |
| concentration | the mass of solute in a given volume of solution, or mass/volume |
| diffusion | when particles move from an area where they are less concentrated |
| equilibrium | when the concentration of the solute is the same throughout a system |
| osmosis | diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane |
| isotonic | same strength |
| hypertonic | above strength |
| hypotonic | below strength |
| facilitated diffusion | molecules that cant diffuse across the cell membranes lipid bilayer on theirown move through protein channels instead. |
| active transport | requires energy |
| endocytosis | process of taking material into the cell be means of infoldings, or pockets, of the cell membrane. |
| phagocytosis | extensions of cytoplasm surround a particle and packageit within a food vacuole |
| pinocytosis | tiny pockets form along the cell membrane, fill with liquid, and pinch off to form vacuoles within the cell. |
| exocytosis | the membrane of the vacuole surrounding the material fuses with the cell membrane, forcing the contents out of the cell. |
| cell specialization | when cells throughout an organism develop in different ways to perform different tasks. |
| tissue | a group of similar cells tha tperform a particular function |
| organ | each muscle in your body |
| organ system | group of organs that work together to perform a specific function |
Created by:
lola9595
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