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Bio CH 7 46877856415
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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cells | the basic units of life |
| cell theory | a fundamental concept of biology |
| nucleus | a large membrane enclosed structure that contains the cell's genetic material in the form of DNA |
| Eukaryotes | cells that contain nuclei |
| Prokaryotes | cells that do not contain nuclei |
| organellse | literally little organs |
| cytoplasm | the portion of the cell outside the nucleus |
| nuclear envelope | composed of two membranes |
| chromatin | granular material you can see in the nucleus |
| chromosomes | condensed chromatin |
| nucleolus | where the assebly of ribosomes begins |
| ribosomes | small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm |
| endoplasmic reticulum | the site where lipid components of the cell membrane are assemble, alon with proteins and other material that are exported from the cell |
| golgi apparatus | stack of closely apposed membranes |
| lysosomes | small organelles filled with enzymes |
| vacuoles | saclike structures that store materials such as water, salts, proteins, and corbohydrates |
| mitochondria | organelles that convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use |
| chloroplasts | are organelles that capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis |
| cytoskeleton | Eukaryotic cells are given their shape and internal organization by a supporting structure |
| centrioles | located near the nucleus and help to organize cell division |
| cell membrane | all cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier |
| cell wall | many cells also produce a strong supporting layer around the membrane |
| lipid bilayer | the composition of nearly all cell membranes is a double layered sheet known as |
| concentration | the mass of the solute in a given volume of solution, or mass/colume |
| diffusion | the particles tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated, a process known as |
| equilibrium | the concentration of the solute is the same throughout a system, the system has reached |
| osmosis | water passes quite easily across most membranes, even though many solute molecules cannot, and important proccess know ass is the result |
| isotonic | the concentrations of water and sugar will be the same on both sides of the membrane |
| hypertonic | above strength as compared to the dilute sugar solution |
| hypotonic | below strength |
| facilitated diffusion | during facilitated diffusion molecules such as glucose that cannot diffuse across the cell membranes lipid bilayer on their own move through protein channels instead |
| active transport | as powerful as diffusino is cells sometimes must move materials in the opposite direction againsta concentrateion difference. This is accomplised by a proccess known as |
| endocytosis | the process of taking material into the cell by means of infoldings, o pockets, of the cell membrane |
| phagocytosis | cell eating extension of cytoplasm surround a particle and package it within a food vacuole |
| pinocytosis | tiny pockets form along the cell membrane, fill with liquid, and pincyh off to form vacuoles within the cell |
| exocytosis | the membrane of the vacuole surrounding the material fuses with the cell membrane, foricing the contents out of the cell |
| tissue | a group of similar cells that perform a particular function |
| organ | many groups of tissue work together as an |
| organ system | a group of organs that work together to perform a specific function is called |
Created by:
mitchelljfsiii
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