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Chapter 7

QuestionAnswer
Cells The basic unit of life.
Cell category A fundamental concept of biology.
Nucleus A large membrane-enclosed structure that contains the cells genetic material in the form of DNA.
Cells The basic unit of life.
* *
Nucleus *
Eukaryotes Cells that contain nuclei.
Prokaryotes Cells that do not contain nuclei.
organelles Little organs.
Cytoplasm The portion of the cell outside the nucleus.
Nuclear envelope Surrounds the nucleus and is composed of two membranes.
Chromatin Granular material you can see in the nucleus.
Chromosomes Are formed when chromatin condenses
Nucleolus Small dense region in the nuclei.
Ribosomes small particles of RNA and protein.
Endoplasm reticulum eukaryotic cells also contain an internal membrane system.
Golgi apparatus Proteins produced in the rough ER move next into an organelle.
Lysosomes Small organelles filled with enzymes.
Vacuoles Saclike structures.
mitochondria organelles that convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convinient for the cell to uce.
Chloroplasts The organoelles that capture energy for sunlight and convert and convert it into chemical energy.
cytoskeleton Eukaryotic cells supporting structure.
Centrioles Help organize cell division (located near the nucleus)
Cell membrane Thin flexible barrier around the cell.
cell wall Strong supporting layer around the membrane.
lipid bilayer double layered sheet.
Concentration The mass of solute in a given volume of solution.
Diffusion When particles in a solution move from a place where they are more concentrated to a place where they are less concentration.
equilibrium When the concentration is the same throughout a solution.
osmosis the process in which water passes quite easily across most membranes.
Isotonic Same strength solutions.
Hypertonic above strength as compared the dilute sugar solution.
hypotonic Below strength.
Facilitated diffusion Fecilitate or help the diffusion of glucose.
active transport Requires energy.
Endocytosis the process of taking material into the cell by means of infoldings.
Phagocytosis extensions of cytoplasm surround a particle and package it with food vacuole.
Pinocytosis Tiny pockets form along a cell membrane , fill with liquid, and pinch off to form vacuoles within a cell.
exocytosis the membrane of a vacuole.
Cell specialization the process in which cells throughout an organism can develope in different ways to perform different tasks.
Tissue a group of similar cells that perform a particular function.
Organ Many groups of tissue working together.
Organ system group of organs working together to perform a specific function.
Created by: Christine809
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