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chapter7 bio ramirez

chapter 7 cell structure and function

QuestionAnswer
cell basic unit of life
cell theory idea that living things are made of cells; new cells are made from old ones
nucleus in cells, structure that contains the cell's gentic material (DNA) and controls the cells activity
eukaryote organisms who cells contain a nuclei
prokaryote unicellular organism laking a nucleus
organelle specializing structure that preforms important cellular functions within a eukaryote
cytoplasm material inside the cell membrane not including nucleous
nuclear envelope layer of 2 membranes that serounds the nuclues of a cell
chromatin granular material vissable within the nuclues
chromosome threadlike structure within the nuclues continuing the gentic info that is passed from one generation to another
nucleolus small, dense region within most nuclei in which the assembly of proteins begins
ribosomes small particals of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm.
endoplasmic reticulum Eukaryotic cells also contain an internal membrane system
Golgi apparatus Proteins produced in the rough ER move next to an orgenelle
Lysossomes small organelles filled with enymes.
Vacuoles kinds of cells contain saclike structures
mitochondria organlles that convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more conveniebt for the cell to use.
chloroplasm coragnlles that capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photosythisis.
cytoskeleton eukaryote cells are given their shape and internal organization by a structure
centrioles located near nucleus and help to orginze cell divsion
cell membrane thin fexiable barrier
cell wall strong supporting layer around membrane
lipid bilayer compotion of nearly all cell membrains is a double-layer sheet
concentration The measure of the amount of a sub-component (especially solute) in a solution.
diffusion partials tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentration
equilibrium when the concentration of the solute is the same throughout a system, the system
omsosis the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
isotonic concentrations of water and sugar will be the same on both sides of the membrane.
hypertonic when comparing two solutions, the solutions with the greater concentration of solutes
hyotonic when comparing two solutions, the solutions with the lesser concentration of solutes
Facilitated diffusion cell membrane channels are said to facilitated, or help, the diffusion of glucose across the membrane.
active transport cells sometimes must move materials in the opposite direction - against a concentration difference.
endocytosis the process of taking material into the cell bu means of infoldings, or pockets, of cell membrane.
phagocytosis "cell eating"; extensions of cytoplasm surround a particle and package it within a food vacuole
pinocytosis Tiny pockets form along the cell membrane, fill with liquid, and pinched off to form vacuoles within the cell
exocytosis the membrane of the vacuole surrounding the material fuses with the cell membrane, forcing contents out of the cell
cell specialization cells throughout an organism can develop in different ways to perform different tasks
tissue a group of similar cell that preform a particular function
organ many groups of tissue work together as an _____
organ system a group of organs that work together to perform a specific
Created by: joss
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