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CH7NTCRDS
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cells | basic units of life |
| cell theory | 1. all living things are composed of cells. 2. cells are the basic units of living things. 3. new cells are produced from existing cells. |
| nucleus | a large membrane-enclosed structure that contains the cell's DNA. It controls many of the cell's activities. |
| Eukaryotes | cells with nuclei |
| Prokaryotes | cells w/o nuclei |
| organelles | little specialized organs |
| cytoplasm | portion of the cell outside the nucleus. |
| nuclear envelope | composed of 2 membranes and is dotted with thousands of nulear pores. |
| chromatin | consists of DNA bound to protein and is spread throughout the nucleus |
| chromosomes | contains genetic info passed from one gen of cells to the nxt |
| nucleolus | small dense region in nuclei where the assmebly of rhibosomes begin |
| ribosomes | small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm |
| endoplasmic reticulum | site where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled, along with proteins and other materials that are exported from the cell |
| golgi apparatus | it modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage inside the cell or secretion outside the cell |
| lysosomes | small organelles filled with enzymes |
| vacuoles | saclike structures that store water, salt, proteins, and carbs |
| mitochondria | organelles that convert chem energy in food to compounds. |
| chloroplasts | organelles that convert energy from sunlight into chemical energy during photosynthesis |
| cytoskeleton | a network of protein filaments that helps to maintain its shape. The cytoskeleton is also involved in movement. |
| centrioles | help organize cell division (not in plant cells) |
| cell membrane | a thin flexible barrier which all cells are surrounded by |
| cell wall | a strong supporting layer around the membrane |
| lipid bilayer | a double layered sheet in which all cell membranes are composed by. |
| concentration | the mass of a given volume of solution, or mass/volume |
| diffusion | the process where particles from a more concentrated area move to a less concentrated area |
| equilibrium | when the concentration of the solute is the same throughout a system |
| osmosis | the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane |
| isotonic | when two solutions are the same strength |
| hypertonic | when one solution is "above strength" compared to the other |
| hypotonic | the solution that is below strength compared the the hypertonic solution |
| facilitated diffusion | cell membranes have protein channels that act as carriers, making it easy for certain molecules to cross. |
| active transport | when cells move things in the opposite direction, against a concentration difference |
| endocytosis | the process of taking material into the cell by infoldings |
| phagocytosis | extensions of cytoplasm surround a particle and package it within a food vacuole |
| pinocytosis | the process in which tiny pockets form along the cell membrane, fill with liquid, and pinch off to form vacuoles within the cell |
| exocytosis | the membrane of the vacuole surrounding t6he material fuses with the cell membrane, forcing the contents out of the cell |
| cell specialization | cells develop in different ways to carry out different tasks |
| tissue | a group of similar cells that perform a particular function |
| organ | groups of tissue that work together |
| organ system | a group of organs that work together to perform a particular function |
Created by:
donaldmissingpants
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