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chpt. 7 flashcards

Chapter 7

QuestionAnswer
Cell Basic units of life.
Cell Theory All living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of life, and new cells are produced from existing cells.
Nucleus Large membrane-enclosed structure that contains the cells genetic material.
Eukaryote Cells that contain nuclei.
Prokaryotes Cells that don't contain nuclei.
Organelles Little organs.
Cytoplasm Portion of the cell outside the nucleus.
Nuclear Envelope Dotted with thousands of nuclear pores.
Chromatin Granular material you can see in the nucleus.
Chromosomes Genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to another.
Nucleolus Where the assembly of ribosomes begins.
Ribosomes Small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm.
Endoplasm Reticulum Eukaryotic cell's internal membrane.
Golgi Apparatus Proteins produced in the rough ER move next into an organelle.
Lysosomes Small organelles filled with enzymes.
Vacuoles Cells that contain saclike structures.
Mitochondria Organelles that convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use.
Chloroplasts Organelles that capture sunlight and convert it into chemical energy.
Cytoskeleton Network of protein filaments within some cells to keep its shape.
Centrioles Located near the nucleus and help to organize cell division.
Cell Membrane A thin, flexible barrier protecting the cells.
Cell Wall A supporting layer that cells form.
Lipid Bilayer A double layered sheet with all cells.
Concentration The mass of solute in a given volume of solution.
Diffusion A process that makes cells less concentrated.
Equilibrium Concentration of a solute is the same throughout the system.
Osmosis The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.
Isotonic When two solution stay the same.
Hypertonic Above strength.
Hypotonic Below strength.
Facilitated Diffusion Some molecules that cannot diffuse across the cell membranes lipid bilayer.
Active Transport Cells that are carried out by proteins.
Endocytosis Process of taking material into the cell by means of infoldings, or pockets.
Phagocytosis Extensions of cytoplasm surround a particle and package it within a food vacuole.
Pinocytosis Tiny pockets that form along the cell membrane, filled with liquid.
Exocytosis The membrane of the vacuole surronding the material fuses with the cell membrane.
Cell Specialization Cells throughout an organism can develop in different ways to perform different tasks.
Tissue Group of similar cells that perform a particular function.
Organ Tissue that works together.
Organ System A group of organs that work together to perform a specific function.
Created by: smileymylie14
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