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Cell Structure Joey
Cellular Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cells | Basic unit of life |
| Cell theory | new cell can only be produced from the divisions of existing cells. |
| nucleus | is sa large membrane-enclosed structure that contains the cells genetic material in the form of DNA |
| Eukaryotes | cells that contain nuclei |
| Prokaryotes | cells that do not contain nuclei |
| Organelles | little organs |
| cytoplasm | portion of the cell outside the nucleus |
| nuclear envelope | surrounds the nuclues with two membranes. |
| chromatin | the granular material you can see in the nuleaus |
| chromosomes | threadlike structures that contain the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next. |
| nucleolus | small dense region were assembly of ribosomes begin. |
| Ribosomes | small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm |
| endoplasmic reticulum | where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled along with protiens and other matierials that are exported from the cell. |
| Golgi apparatus | modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage in the cell or secretion outside the cell. |
| Lyosomes | small organelles filled with enzymes. |
| vacuoles | store materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carboyhydrtaes. |
| Mitochondria | organelles thta convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more conevenient for the cell to use. |
| Chloroplats | organelles that capture the en3ergy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in process called photosynthesis. |
| cytoskeleton | network of protein and filaments that helps the cell to maintain its shape. |
| Centrioles | in animal cells only, they organize cell division. |
| Cell membrane | all cells surroundded by a thin, flexible barrier. |
| cell wall | many cells also produce a strong supporting layer around the membrane |
| lipid bilayer | the composition of nearly all cell membranes is a double layered sheet |
| concentration | the mass of solute in a given volume of solution, or mass/volume. |
| diffusion | the particles tend to move from an area wehere there are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated. |
| equilibrium | when the concentraion of a solute is the same throught a system |
| osmosis | the fdiffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane. |
| isotonic | when 2 solutions have the same strength |
| hypertonic | when a solution is above strength. |
| hypotonic | below strength |
| facilitated diffusion | helps the diffusion of glucose across the membrane |
| active transport | moveing materials in the opposite direction |
| endocytosis | the process of taking material into the cell by means of infoldings, or pockets, of the cell membrane. |
| phagocytosis | extensions of cytoplasm surround a particle and package it within a food vacuole. |
| pinocytosis | tiny pockets form along the cell membrae, fill with liquid ,and pinch off to form vacuoles within the cell. |
| exocytosis | the membrane of the cavuole surrounding the material fuses with the cell membrane, forcing the contents out of the cell. |
| cell specialization | cells throughtout an organism can develop in different ways to perform different tasks. |
| organ | many groups of tissues work together |
| organ system | a group of organs that work together ito perform a specific function. |
Created by:
josephyin312
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