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lol cells
unit three cells
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cells | basic unit of life |
| cell theory | states: -all living things are composed of cells -cells are basic unit of structure and function in living things -new cells are produced from exidting cells |
| nucleus | a large membrane-enclosed structure that contains the cell's genetic materialin the form of DNA |
| eukaryotes | cells that contain nuclei |
| prokaryotes | cells that do not contain nuclei |
| organelle | specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell |
| cytoplasm | the portion of the cell outside the nucleus |
| nuclear envelope | layer of two membranes that surrounds the nucleus of a cell |
| chromatin | granular material visible within the nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins |
| chromosomes | thread like structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information thst is passed from one generation of cells to the next |
| nucleolus | the small dense region in the nucleus where the assembly of ribosomes begin |
| ribosome | small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm |
| endoplasmic reticulum | the site where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled, alon with proteins and other materials that are exported from the cell |
| golgi apparatus | that thing that modifies, sorts, and package proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage in the cell or secretion outside the cell |
| lysosomes | small organelles filled with enzymes |
| vacuoles | that thing that stores some materials (i.e. water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates) |
| mitochondria | organelles that convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more conveinent for the cell to use |
| chloroplasts | organelles that capture energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis |
| cytoskeleton | a network of protein filaments that helps the cell to maintain its shape |
| centrioles | that thing that helps organize cell division |
| cell membrane | the flexible barrier of a cell |
| cell wall | the thing that goes around the membrane (not in all cells) |
| lipid bylayer | double-layered sheet that forms the core of nearly all cell membranes |
| concentration | the mass solute in a given volume of solution, or mass/volume |
| diffusion | process by which molebules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated |
| equilibrium | when the concentration of a solute is the same throughout a solution |
| osmmosis | the diffusion of water though a selectively permeable membrane |
| isotonic | same strength |
| hypertonic | above strength |
| hypotonic | below strength |
| faciliated diffusion | movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels |
| active transport | energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane againist a concentration difference |
| enocytosis | the process of taking material into the cell by means of infoldings, or pockets, of the cell membrane |
| phagocytosis | prcess in which extensions of cyto palsm surround and engulf large paricles and take them into the cell |
| pinocytosis | process by which a cell takes in liquid from the surrounding environment |
| exocytosis | process by which a cell releases large amounts of material |
| cell specialization | the process in which cells develop in different ways to preform different tasks |
| tissue | a group of similar cells the perform a particular function |
| organ | many groups of tissues work together |
| organ system | a group of organs that work together to perform a specific function |
Created by:
jaongwiseth
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