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Unit 3 Cell
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cells | basic units of life |
| cell theory | idea that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of life |
| nucleus | a large membrane enclosed structure that contains the cell's genetic material to form DNA |
| Eukaryotes | cells that contain nuclei |
| Prokyaryotes | cells that do not contain nuclei |
| organelles | parts of a cell |
| cytoplasm | jelly like substance outside of the nucleus |
| nuclear envelope | surrounds the nucleus composed of two membranes |
| chromatin | consists of DNA bound to protein |
| chromosones | contain genetic info that is passed from one generation of cells to the next |
| nucleolus | where the ribosomes assembly begins |
| ribosomes | small praticles of RNA and proteins that are throughout the cytoplasm |
| endoplasmic reticulum | the site where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled along with the proteins and other materials are exported from the cell |
| Golgi apparatus | modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage in the cell or secretion outside of the cell |
| lysomes | small organelles filled with enzymes |
| vacuoles | sacklike cells that store materials such as water, carbohydrates, proteins, and salts. |
| mitochondria | organelles that convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use |
| chloroplasts | organelles that capture energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photsynthesis |
| cytoskeleton | supporting structure for eukaryotic cells |
| centrioles | located near the nucleus and help to organize cell division |
| cell membrane | thin flexible layer that surrounds the cell |
| lipid bilayer | a double layered sheet in the cell membrane |
| concentration | mass of the solute in a given volume of solution |
| diffusion | the movement of particles from high concentration to lower concentration |
| equilibrium | when the concentration of the solute is the same throughout the system |
| osmosis | diffusion of water through a selectivity permeable membrane |
| isotonic | when two solutions become the same strength |
| hypertonic | when two solutions is above strength |
| hypotonic | when two solutions is below strength |
| faciliated diffusion | the diffusion of glucose across the membrane |
| active transport | against concentration |
| endocytosis | process of taking material into the cell by means of infoldings, or pockets, of the cell membrane |
| phagocytosis | extensions of cytoplasm surround a particle |
| pinocytosis | pockets form along the cell membrane and pinch off to form vacuoles |
| exocytosis | membrane of the vacuole surrounding material fuses with the cell membrane |
| cell specialization | cells throughout an organism can develop in different ways to perform different tasks |
| tissue | a group of similar cells that perform particular functions |
| organ | one type of tissue that performs complicated tasks |
| organ system | a group of organs that perform of specific function |
Created by:
bhong
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