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Biology Flashcards 2
Honors Bio Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cells | Basic units of life |
| Cell Theory | A fundamental concept of biology |
| Nucleus | A large membrane enclosed structure that contains the cell's genetic material in the form of DNA. |
| Eukaryotes | Cells that contain nuclei |
| Prokaryotes | Cells that do not contain nuclei |
| Organelles | Little organs inside a cell |
| Cytoplasm | The portion of the cell outside the nucleus |
| Nuclear Envelope | Two membranes that surround the nucleus |
| Chromatin | The granular material you can see in a nucleus |
| Chromosomes | Threadlike structures that contain the genetic information that is passed from on generation of cells to the next |
| Nucleolus | Region where the assembly of ribosomes begins. |
| Ribosomes | Small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | Site were lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled, along with proteins and other matierals exported out the cell |
| Golgi Apparatus | To modify, sort, and package proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage in the cell or secretion outside the cell |
| Lysosomes | Small organelles filled with enzymes |
| Vacuoles | Saclike structures in cells that store materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates |
| Mitochondria | Organelles that convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use. |
| Chloroplasts | ORganelles that capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in photosynthesis |
| Cytoskeleton | Network of protein flaments that helps the cell to maintain its shape. |
| Centrioles | LOcated near the nucleus and help organize cell division |
| Cell Membrane | A thin, flexible barrier that supports the cell |
| Cell Wall | A strong, supporting layer around the membrane |
| Lipid Bilayer | The composition of nearly all cell membranes. It is double layered |
| Concentration | The mass of solute in a given volume of solution |
| Diffusion | Particles tend to move from an area where th4ey are more concentrated into an area where they are less concentrated. |
| Equilibrium | When the concentration of the solute is the same throughout a system |
| Osmosis | The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane. |
| Isotonic | When two solutions are the "same strength" |
| Hypertonic | The more concentrated solution |
| Hypotonic | The less concentrated solution |
| Facilitated Diffusion | Movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels |
| Active Transport | When cells move materials in the opposite direction |
| Endocytosis | Process of taking materials into the cell by means of infoldings of the cell membrane. |
| Phagocytosis | Extensions of cytoplasm surround a particle and package it within a food vacuole |
| Pinocytosis | Cells take up liquid from the surrounding environment |
| Exocytosis | The membrane of the vacuole surrouding the material fuses with the cell membrane, forcing the contents out of the cell |
| Cell Specialization | Cells throughout an organism can develop in different ways to perform different tasks |
| Tissue | Similiar cells that are grouped together |
| Organ | Many groups of tissue that work together |
| Organ System | A group of organs that work together to perform a specific function. |
Created by:
renemily
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