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cell bio section 3

chapter 7 terms

QuestionAnswer
Cells- The basic unit of life
Cell theory- A fundamental concept of biology that states 1) all living things are composed of cells 2)Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things 3)New cells are produced from living cells
Eukaryotes- Cells that contain nuclei
Prokaryotes- Cells that do not contain nuclei
Organelles- Structures in cells that act like organs
Nuclear Envelope- Two membranes that surround the nucleus
Chromatin- Granular material you can see in the nucleus
Chromosomes- Chromosomes form when chromatin condenses and create threadlike structures that contain the genetic infromation passed from one generation of cells to the next
Endoplasmic Reticulum- Where the lipid component of the cell membrane are assembled
Golgi Apparatus- The function is to modify, sort, and package proteins, and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage in the cell or secretion outside the cell
Centrioles- Located near the nucleus and organize cell division, and are not found in plants
Nucleus- A large membrane-enclosed structure that contains the cell's genetic material in the form of DNA
Cytoplasm- The portion of the cell outside of the nucleus
Chromatin- Granular material you can see in the nucleus
Chromosomes- Chromosomes form when chromatin condenses and create threadlike structures that contain the genetic infromation passed from one generation of cells to the next
Nucleous- A place in the nucleus where the assembly of ribsomes begin
Ribsomes- Small particles of of RNA found throught the cytoplasm
Lysosomes- Small organelles filled with enzymes
Vacuoles- Sack like structures that store materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
Cytoskeleton- A structure of internal organization and give shape to eukaryotic cells
Diffusion- When particles move from a place that is more concentrated to a place that is less concentrated
Equilibrium- When the concentration of a solute is the same throughout a system
Osmosis- The diffusion of water through a permeable membrane
Isotonic- When the concentration of water and sugar is the same on both sides
Hypertonic- When there is a higher sugar concentration
Hypotonic- When there is a lower sugar concentraion
Facilitated Diffusion- Hundreds of different protein channels that allow particular substances in like the glucose that is diffused
Active Transport- When cells move materials in the opposite direction
Endocytosis- Taking material into the cell by the means infoldings, or pockets of the cell membranes
Phagocytosis- The extensions of cytoplasm surround a particle and packages it within a food vacuole
Pinocytosis- Tiny pockets take liquid and pinch off to form vacuoles in the cell
Exocytosis- The mebrane of the vacuole fuses with the cell mebraneforcing the contents out of the cell
Cell Specialization- Cells develop to perform different tasks
Tissue- A group of similar cells that perform a particular function
Organ- Many tissues work together as a function
Organ system- A group of organs that perform a special function
Created by: acurrim
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