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Unit 3
Cell Structure and Function
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are cells? | The basic units for life. |
| What is the cell theory? | A fundamental concept of biology. |
| What is the nucleus? | A large membrane-enclosed structure that contains the cells genetic material in the form of DNA. |
| What are eukaryotes? | Cells that contain nuclei. |
| What are prokaryotes? | Cells that do not contain nuclei. |
| What are organelles? | Literally "little organelles." |
| What is the cytoplasm? | The portion of the cell outside the nucleus. |
| What is the nuclear envelope? | Surounds the nucleus and is two parts. |
| What is chromatin? | The granual material you see in the nucleus. |
| What is a chromosome? | The condensed for of a chromatin. |
| What is a nucleolus | The small dense region in the nuclei. |
| What are ribosomes? | Small particles of RNA and proteins found throughout the cytoplasm. |
| What is the Endoplasmic Reticulum? | The internal membrane system in eukaryotic cells. |
| What is the golgi apparatus? | Proteins produced in the Rough ER move next into an organelle. |
| What are lysosomes? | Small organelles filled with enzymes. |
| What are vacuoles? | Structures that store material such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates. |
| What are mitochondria? | Organelles that convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use. |
| What are chloroplasts? | Organelles that capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis. |
| What is the cytoskeleton? | The supporting structure that gives the eukaryotic cells its shape. |
| What are centrioles? | Located near the nucleus and help to organize cell division. |
| What is the cell membrane? | A thin flexible barrier that surrounds each cells. |
| What is a cell wall? | A strong supporting layer around the membrane. |
| What is a lipid bilayer? | Composition of nearly all cell membranes. |
| What is concentration? | The mass of solute in a given volume of solution or mass/volume. |
| What is diffusion? | Particles move from more concentration to less concentration. |
| What is equilibrium? | Concentration of the solute is the same throughout a system. |
| What is osmosis? | Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane. |
| What is isotonic? | The same strength. |
| What is hypertonic? | Above strength. |
| What is hypotonic? | Below strength. |
| What is facilitated diffusion? | Molecules that cannot diffuse across the cell membrane lipid bilayer on their own move through protein channels instead. |
| What is active transport? | Cells moving in opposite direction. |
| What is endocytosis? | Process of taking material into cell. |
| What is phagocytosis? | Extensions of cytoplasm surround a particle. |
| What is pinocytosis? | Cells take up liquid and form vacuoles within the cell. |
| What is exocytosis? | when the membrane of the vacuole surrounding the material fuses with the cell membrane, forcing the contents out of the cell. |
| What is cell specialization? | Cells can develop different ways to perform different tasks. |
| What is tissue? | A group of similar cells that perform a certain function. |
| What is an organ? | In these cases, many groups of tissues work together. |
| WHAT IS AN ORGAN SYSTEM? | A system of organs working together. |
Created by:
benrazin
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