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Chapter 7 Ong

Cell Structure chap 7

QuestionAnswer
Cells Basic units of life
Cell Theory A fundament concept of biology.
Nucleus A large membrane-enclosed structure that contains the cell’s genetic material in the form of DNA.
Eukaryotes Cells that contain nuclei.
Porkaryotes Cells that do not contain nuclei.
Organelles Specialized structures in cells similar to organs.
Cytoplasm The portion of the cell outside the nucleus.
Nuclear Envelope sorround the nuclei lots of pores to allow material in and out of the nucleus.
Chromatin The granular material you see in the nucleus.
Chromosomes The condensed form of Chromatin.
Nucleolus The small dense region in the nuclei, where ribosomes begin to assemble.
Ribosomes Small particles of RNA and proteins found throughout the cytoplasm.
Endoplasmic Reticulum The internal membrane system in Eukaryotic cells, in which components of cell membrane and so proteins are made.
Golgi Apparatus Modify, sort, and package proteins and other materials from the ER for storage in the cell or secretion outside the cell, Stack of membranes in which enzymes attach carbohydrates and lipids to proteins.
Lysosomes Small organelles filled with enzymes used to break down food particles that can be used.
Vacuoles Structures that store materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates.
Mitochondria Organelles that convert the chemical energy in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use.
Chloroplats Organelles that capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis.
Cytoskeleton A supporting structure that gives the Eukaryotic cells its shape also help movement.
Centrioles Located near the nucleus and help to organize cell division. NOt FOUND IN PLANTS
Cell Membrane A thin layer of flexible barrier, controlls particles going in and out of the cell.
Celll Wall Strong supporting layer around the membrane, structure.
Lipid Bilayer A doubled layer sheet that gives the cell structure and form.
Concentration The mass of a solute in a given volume of solution.
Diffusion When particles move from area to area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated.
Equilibruim The equality of the solute.
Osomsis The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.
Istonic When two solution have the same strength.
Hypertonic The solution with the higher concentration.
Hypotonic The solution with the lower concentration.
Facilitated Diffusion To facilitate the diffusion of glucose across the membrane with the help of specific proteins.
Active Transport Moving material in the opposite direction.
Endocytosis The process of taking material into the cell by means of infoldings, or pockets, of the cell membrane.
Phagocytosis When extensions of the cytoplasm surrounds a particle and package it within a food vacuole.
Pinocyosis When tinypockets from along the cell membrane, fill with liquid, and pinch off to form vacuoles within the cell.
Exocytosis When the membrane of the vacuole surrounding the material fuses with the cell membrane forcing the contents of the cell out.
Cell Specialization Cells throughout an organism can develop in different ways to perform different tasks.
Tissue A group of similar cells that perform a particular function. Muscle, epithelial, nervious, connective.
Organ Many groups of tissue work together.
Organ system A group of organs working together.
Created by: aquaman777
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