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Chapter 4 E.S.
Environmental Science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are the 4 layers that make up the atmosphere? | troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere |
| organisms use chlorphyll and energy from the sun to convert water and carbon dioxide into food | photosynthesis |
| a form of oxygen, most abundant within this region | ozone |
| water that falls from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface | precipitation |
| short-term (hours or days) condition of the troposphere over a given area | weather |
| a measure of the moisture content of the air | humidity |
| the weight of the atmosphere pressing on Earth's surface | air pressure |
| atmospheric disturbances that often cause changes to the biosphere | storms |
| caused by uneven heating of the atmosphere | winds |
| most common of severe storms; occur in warm, moist air masses during spring and summer | thunderstorms |
| the most destructive of all storms; usually associated with thunderstorms and occur most frequently throughout the Great Plains of North America | tornadoes |
| large, destructive, tropical storms | hurricanes |
| the long-range temperature and precipitation patterns over a particular area | climate |
| refers to physical features such as mountain ranges, valleys, plains, and plateaus | topography |
| climates modified by the oceans therefore experience relatively small variations in temperature throughout the year | maritime climates |
| the side of the mountain that faces the prevailing winds | windward side |
| rhythmic motions of the water caused by winds | waves |
| contain long, wide rivers of moving water in the ocean | currents |
| attractions developed between the hydrogen and atom of one water molecule and oxygen atoms of another water molecule | hydrogen bonds |
| describes the degree of movement of water | turbulence |
| called the universal solvent because of it ability to dissolve other substances | water |
| the measure of the amount of salt present in the water | salinity |
| the upward force water exerts on floating objects | buoyancy |
| without sea of ______, Earth would be uninhabitable | gases |
| how many miles thick is the troposphere? | 6 |
| what occurs in the troposphere? | weather |
| how many feet high up is the stratosphere? | 50,000 |
| what is the stratosphere the home of? | ozone layer |
| how many miles above is the mesosphere? | 30 |
| what does the mesosphere cause? | meteors |
| how many miles above is the thermosphere? | 50 |
| what 2 things interact to cause the creation of the aurora borealis? | nitrogen and oxygen |
| the atmosphere is capable of creating the Earth's _______ | surface |
| what is wearing the land down? | water and air |
| what kind of air clashes to create storms? | cold and warm |
| this gas melts and release and helping to destroy our ozone layer | methane |
| don't need oxygen | anaerobic |
| does need oxygen | aerobic |
| required in our metabolism | oxygen |
| what is the highest layer? | exosphere |
| what is the most important layer? | troposphere |
| what are 4 types of precipitation? | rainfall, snow, hail, freezing rain |
| what is constantly changing? | weather |
| _________ conditions that change on a daily basis (weather) | atmospheric |
| for precipitation, how many inches is the average rainfall? | 43 |
| what season does the avverage rainfall start? | spring |
Created by:
boydrac13
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