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Survey of Eukaryotic

Microbiology Quiz #2

QuestionAnswer
flagella external structure Purpose: motility
cilia external structure: shorter/numerous compared to flagella Purpose: motility, feeding, filtering
Giardia lamblia Causes: G. Intestinalis – beaver fever, found in small intestine, explosive diaherreha Vegetative form, motive form Ingest in cyst form Trophozoite- Absorbs nutrients/adhesion discs 5 different pairs of flagella
Eukaryotic Cells Cant synthesize own food by photosynthesis you are categorized as a heterotroph Autotroph – synthesize own chemicals
Algae Algae- cyanobacteria, bluegreen algae, photoautographs Make 50% of plants oxygen
Glycocalyx composed of protein polysacharrides Functions:Attachment (biofilms), Communication, Protection
Cell wall provides structure and shape rigid Helps deal with changes in osmotic concentration Prevents from exploding hypotonic/hypertonic solution
Cell wall (Fungi) thick inner layer of polysaccharide fibers composed of chitin or cellulose and a thin layer of mixed glycans.
Cell wall (Algae) commonly composed of include cellulose, pectin, mannans, silicon dioxide, and calcium carbonate
Cytoplasmic (cell) membrane Phospholipid bilayer Sterols – stabilize cell membrane Regulates what going in and out of cell, seperates ext/int environments Eukaryotic cells 60-80% Prokarayotic cells 60% max
Nucleus Smooth- no ribsomes, yellowish, function lipid synthesis cell membrane support/maintence contains genetic material
Rough Endoplasmic reticulum ribsomes, protein synthesis
Cytoskeleton shape, rigidity, cytoplasmic space points of attachment (think of harbors that ships are anchored)
Ribosomes protein synthesis sometimes embedded in
Mitochondria atp synthesis, endosymbiotic relationship,
Lysosomes lysozymes – packages that inject lysozmes into whatever is brought into the cell
Endocytosis taking things in but reduces the surface of cell membrane
Golgi cell membrane maintenance by proteins, packaged in secretory vesicles Protein packaged out of cell (toxin) packaged up, vesicle go towards cell membrane and cycles around by becoming part of the cell membrane, adding to the surface of cell membrane
Exocytosis Excretion out of cell
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum no ribsomes, yellowish, function lipid synthesis cell membrane support/maintenance
Nucelic membrane regulates what comes in and out of nucleus (equivalent of the cellular membrane)
Nucleic spores controls what goes in and out within nucleic membrane
Messenger RNA (mRNA) has to leave nucleus so ribosomes get set of instructions to conduct order of protein synthesis Poly ribsomal complex - Mutliple ribsomal complexes
Nucleolus ribosomes synthesized here, also frees them into the cytoplasm
Mitochondria – ATP synthesis, double membrane bound structure, invaginations called cristaes to increase surface area in which electron transport chains are found 2000 to 4000 mitochondria to syntehsize atp per cell Atp- adenophine triphosphate, Energen
Cytoskeleton
cryptosporidium Parum – (cryptosporidiosis) massive diarrhea- dehydration and fatal if you are already weakeend (ex. AIDs) 1993 outbreak in Milwaukie, purification of water didn’t purify. The filters weren’t small enough to filter the microbes. cow feces, watered down rain, into lake michigan
Protozoa 65,000 species Vary in shape, lack cell wall Most unicellular; colonies=rare Most - harmless, free-living in a moist habitat Some are animal parasites and can be spread by insect vectors. Heterotrophic. Feed by engulfing other microbes + organic ma
Trypansoma brucei African sleeping sickness
Giardia lamblia dysentery
Trypansoma cruz Chaga’s disease; South America
Parasitic Helminths Multicellular Organs: reproduction, protection, digestion, movement mouth for digestion and attachment sex organs w/ sperm and egg fertilized eggs go through larval period go in/out of host 50 harm humans from ingestion of eggs through dirt/water/vec
Created by: adamg781
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