Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Botany Exam 2
Botany exam 2 notecards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Protoplasm | Cytoplasm, and nucleus |
| Sytosol | Cytoplasm |
| Plasma Membrane | Differentially permeable barrier, Controls what can and cannot exit or enter the cell, receives chemical signals, directs assembly of the cell wall |
| Cell Wall | Primary and Secondary, made up of cellulose |
| Primary Cell Wall | Thin and flexible made up of < 25% cellulose |
| Secondary Cell Wall | Rigid lignin layer developed between primary wall and the plasma membrane |
| Middle Lamella | Calcium pectate holding adjacent cells together |
| Plasmodesmata | Narrow channels lined by a plasma membrane that provide a pathway for the transport of certain substances between cells |
| Nucleus | Contains most of the cells DNA, Has Nuclear Envelope, and nucleolus. Double phosopholipid bilayer |
| Ribosomes | Protein synthesis, make proteins destined for the cytosol, plastids, mitochondria, and perioxomes |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | "Smooth and Rough" system of flattened tubes and sacs |
| Smooth ER | Synthesis of phospholipids and new membranes |
| Rough ER | Major protein synthesis center due to the presence of ribosomes |
| Golgi Body | Part of the packaging system for secretion |
| Vacuole | Forms from fusion of Golgi derived vesicles or ER, takes up large space in cell. |
| Mitochondria | Capture energy released from oxidation of carbohydrates as ATP |
| Plastids | Chloroplasts, Chromoplast, Lucoplast, and Amyloplast. Synthesize starch, amino acids, and fatty acids |
| Chloroplast | Site of photosynthesis, give green color |
| Chromoplast | Plastids that are other colors than green |
| Leucoplast | Colorless Plastids |
| Amyloplast | Store large amounts of starch long term |
| Cell Theory | Cell is smallest living unit, all organisms are composed of one or more cells, cells come from other cells, all are fundamentally alike |
| Cell types | Eukaryotic, Prokaryotic |
| Assimilation | Things you are taking in from your environment to construct yourself |
| Growth | Determinant and Indeterminant, limited by an organisms genetic heritage and environmental factors |
| Determinant Growth | Animals |
| Indeterminant Growth | Plants |
| Plant movements | In response to stimuli, or part of developmental process |
| Quantitative Data | Measurements made using a standard scale with equal intervals |
| Qualitative Data | Measurements made using non-standard scales with either discrete categories or unequal intervals |
| Nominal Data | Cannot be rank ordered; gender, flower color, leaf morphology |
| Ordinal Data | Can be rank ordered; developmental stages |
| Line Graph | Quantitative Data |
| Bar Graph | Qualitative Data |
| X-axis | Independent variable |
| Y-axis | Dependent variable |
| Organ | A collection of tissue that cooperate in performing one or more functions |
| Vegetative Organs | Root, stem, leaf |
| Tissue | A collection of cells that cooperate in performing one or more functions |
| Types of Tissue | Meristematic, Ground, Dermal, and Vascular |
| Meristematic Tissue | Apical meristem, Primary meristem, Lateral meristem |
| Primary meristem | Procambium, Protoderm, Ground meristem |
| Procambium | Primary meristematic tissue that makes vascular tissue |
| Protoderm | Primary meristematic tissue that makes epidermis |
| Ground meristem | Primary meristematic tissue that makes ground tissue |
| Lateral Meristem | Secondary meristematic tissue that is made of vascular cambium or cork cambium |
| Ground Tissue | Pith, Cortex, and Mesophyll |
| Dermal Tissue | Epidermis, Periderm (cork) |
| Vascular Tissue | Xylem, and Phloem |
| Meristem | A collection of dividing cells found in specific places in a plant. |
| Primary Growth | Herbatious growth, all plants, occurs at tips of roots and stems, increases plant length |
| Apical Meristem | Produces the Primary meristematic tissues |
| Secondary Growth | Woody growth, some plants, occurs laterally in rings, increases plant girth. New vascular and protective tissue |
| Ground Tissue | Food, or water storage, photosynthesis and respiration, provide support |
| Ground tissue cells | Parenchyma, Collenchyma, and Sclerenchyma |
| Parenchyma Cells | Alive at maturity, polyhedral shape, large vacuole, least specialized, totipotency |
| Totipotency | The ability to make a whole plant |
| Collenchyma Cells | Alive at maturity, strands or cylinders found just inside the epidermis, provide flexible support for young plant parts |
| Sclerenchyma Cells | Dead at maturity, thick secondary walls, mechanical protection or support |
| Brachysclereids | Sclerenchyma cells with thick cell walls |
| Astrosclereids | Sclerenchyma cells that branch like stars, found in aquatic plants to hold open air space |
| Dermal Tissue | Outermost cell layer, provides protection, gas exchange, waterconservation |
| Primary growth dermal cells | Epidermal cells, guard cells, trichomes |
| Secondary growth dermal cells | Cork cambium, Cork, Phelloderm |
| Xylem | Transport of water and dissolved minerals obtained from soil up through the plant |
| Phloem | Transport of sucrose and other soluble organic molecules down through the plant |
| Xylem cells | Parenchyma cells, Fibers, Tracheids, and Vessel elements |
| Phloem cells | Parenchyma cells, Fibers, Sieve tube elements with companion cells |
Created by:
631002299
Popular Biology sets