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aquatic eco midtermP
practice for the aquatic ecosystems midterm ad fleming college
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the Lake's ABC's? | Abiotic, Biotic and Cultural |
| Physical cahracteristics, water chemistry, Lake biota, processes(primary production, succession), cutlural impact. | Lake's ABC's |
| The study of the physical, chemical and biological conditions of freshwater and how these factors influence functional relationships and the productivity of aquatic communities. | Limnology |
| What is the largest freshwater lake in the world by surface area? | Lake Superior |
| What is the largest freshwater lake in the world by volune? | Lake Baikal (Russia) |
| Deposition of debris (moraines - lateral and terminal. Leaves depressions, ice left over to leave an isolated lake with no streams enteering it. | Glaciation |
| Key driver of lake development | Glaciation |
| Leaves fault lakes where Z plates have shifted | Tectonic Activity |
| What lake was formed by volcanoes? | Crater Lake |
| Glaciation, Volcanoes, Tectonic activity, Action of beavers, seepage into permafrost, meteors | Lake Origins |
| Physical characteristic of lake - Not moving, but it does circulate | Lentic |
| Physical characteristic of lake - moving system | Lotic |
| Structure of lakes (region) - rooted vegetation | Littoral Zone |
| Structure of lakes - pelagic, open water area | Limnetic Zone |
| Structure of lakes - region overlain by hypolimnion where it occurs | Profundal zone |
| Structure of lakes - bottom sediment, one of the most important areas of a lake | Benthic |
| Pholic zone | Light |
| Apholic zone | No light |
| Free floating plants and animals | Plankton |
| Animals that have ability to move (ie fish) | Necton |
| It's all about energy from the ______ | Sun |
| Light - The driver of photosynthesis (Ps) | Solar radiation |
| Light - Amount reaching lake is influenced by angle of incidence, meteorological conditions | Solar energy |
| Light - Amount influenced by DOC (dissolved organic compounds)snow and ice | Transmission of solar energy |
| Items in the water column will reflect light back and affects how much light a lake will get | Transmission of solar energy |
| how much energy is coming into the ecosystem; driving force | Energy from the sun |
| Angle at which sun enters earth's surface; determines how many hours of sunlight per day | Angle of incidence |
| As temperature of water increases, density of the water deecreasses (becomes lighter) | Thermal stratification |
| Surface waters heat up; density changes and wind/wave action cause mixing of water throughout water column | Spring overturn |
| Density differences due to surface heating isolate hypoliminion from surface waters; dissolved oxygen limiting (in most cases) | Summer stratification |
| Reduced solar radiation, surface waters cool and sink; mixing by epilimnion continues to cool and temperature/density differences minimal; lake mixes | Fall overturn |
| Surface freezes and ice cover prevents wind mixing; surface at zero degrees below at 4 degrees celcius some heating may occur if ice is clear and little snow cover | Winter stagnation |
| Lake mixes from top to bottom during annual mixing cycle; type based on frequency of mixing | Holomictic |
| A period of turn over in spring/fall | Dimictic |
| Arctic turnowver; onluy in summer | Monomictic |
| Mix every few days or dail all year round (tropical) | Polymictic |
| Permanently ice-covered do not turn over | Amictic |
| Deep or chemical strtified lake that only mix partially due to insufficient energy to overcome stratification and circulate entire water column | Meromictic (half lake) |
| Inorganic salt and organic materials that are dissolved in water and are < 2 u in diameter | TDS |
| Suspended solids > 2 u | TSS |
| Hydrogen ion concentration | PH |
| The ability of a water body to resist a change in PH i.e. the capacity of a water body to accept hydrogen ions i.e. buffering capacity | Alkalinity |
| Related to calcium and magnesium | Water hardness |
| Dissolved organic carbon | DOC |
| Influences water transparency | DOC |
| Warm water holds less ______________ and cold water holds more _____________? | Oxygen, oxygen |
| What time of day has the most dissolved oxygen in the water? | Noon |
| What time has the lowest amount of dissolved oxygen in the water? | Just before sunrise |
| Dissolved oxygen value is mirroring___________ | Temperature |
| Bacterial activity in hypoliminion at sediment water interface depletes oxygen concentration Turn ove important in replacement of O2 in hypolimnion, since thermal stratification restricts distribution of O2 (summer and winter) | Clinograde |
| As depth decreases, the DO value increases with depth in oligtrophic lakes, because there is not a lot of respiration | Summer stratification |
| Depth decreases, DO levels decreases in eutrophic lakes because oxygen is being used in decomposiiton | Winter stratification |
| Even distribution of oxygen in water column | Spring or fall turnover |
| Living material | Biomas |
| Produces own food | Autotroph |
| Feeds on other organisms/plants | heterotroph |
| The weight of new OM formed by autorotrophs in an ecosystem | Primary producers |
| Use of CO2 as carbon and light as energy source | photosynthetic |
| Use of CO2 as carbon source and inorganic chemicals for energy | Chemosynthetic |
| Rate produced over time in certain spaces | Productivity |
| Controlled primary production at the producer level | Bottom up |
| Phosphorous and nitrogen are the key limiting __________ in an ecosystem? | Nutrients |
| As phosphorous levels rise, so does the build up of ________________ | Biomass |
| As biomass increases, so does the rate of ______________ | Primary producers |
| Runoff atmosphere and groudn water are? | Sources of phosphorous to lake ecosystems |
| How much nutrients is coming into the ecosystem and how quickly? | Loading rate |
| Atmosphere inflow precipitation and fixation by blue-green algae are sources of? | Nitrogen |
| Know your BENTHICKS ORIENTATION | And BENTHICKS MORPHOLOGY |
| What is the longest rver in the world | The Nile River |
| What riveer has the largest volume in the world; a total of one fifth of all river water on the planet? | The Amazon River |
| Where you have seasonal flooding | Active channels |
| S shaped, one sequence, dissipated energy and predictable pattern with mature river_____________ | Meander |
| Stream order is key for _________________ | Classification |
| Stream order is determined by how many ____________ connect upstream from the point of observation | Tributaries |
| As ___________ increases, ______________ size increases | Velocity, particles |
| A river with round rocks means | an old stream |
| A river with flat/jagged rocks means | a younger stream |
| Waste water affects dissolved _______________ | oxygen levels |
| There are lower dissolved oxygen levels ______________ of waste water flows | down stream |
| The overall _________ of the stream is determined in part by the nature of the substraight | productivity |
| CPOM means | Course Particle Organic Matter |
| FPOM means | Fine Particle Organic Matter |
| DOM | Dissolved Organic Matter |
| What is ecological land classification? | Clssify them based on biological diversity that occurs within the system |
| FRI means | Forest Resource Inventory |
| _____________ are capable of addressing in a far more comprehensive manner than now - outdated single resource survey, many critical conservation and environmental policy matters | ELC's |
| ELC means | Ecological Land Classification |
| Site region, ecosite and vegetation type are | The three spatially related levels that can be mapped |
| Rarely or never flooded Mineral soil or bedrock, or organic soil less than 40 centimeters Wetland plants occupy less than 50% cover Water table below surface | Terrestrial ecosystem |
| Wetland loving plants | Hydrophytic |
| Percent cover in terms of wetlands | Distribution of wetlands in Canada |
Created by:
Karubin
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