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fungal skin
skin
| Fungus | etiological agent | symptoms | identification of organism | Random other facts |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tinea Verisicolor | Malasseia fur fur Fat loving yeast Dimorphic | Flaky patches Pink or coppery patches in pale sub Treatment = sodium hyosulfate and selinium sulfide NOT CONTAGIOUS | Skin scrapings dissolved in KOH Clusters of yeast cells spagetti and meatballs difficult to grow in culture | Common in the US Not contagious |
| Tinea Nigra | Exophiala werneckii (brown mold) | Brown/black flat non scaly smooth spots on palms *does not itch Treatment = keratolytic agents Azole antifungals | skin scrapings reveal branched septe hypae and budding yeast cells with melanized wall | Tropical countries oten infects those with a tendency to sweat excessivly |
| black piedra | piedraia hortai (black mold) | Black nodule on hair shaft Treatment = cut infected hair and topical fugicides griseofluvin? | Black nodule on hair shaft composed of spore sacs and spores | common in humid tropical countries : latin america, africa, southeast asia and indonesia |
| White pedra | trichosporon beigelii (a white mold) | Creme colored nodules on hair shafts of scalp peard, moustache, and genital areas Treatment = cut infected hair and topical fungicides | white noule onhair shaft composed of myceilia that fragment into throspores made up o ffragments of the hyphae | Temperate and tropical regioius of Europe, Asia, South America but rarely in the southern states |
| Tinea corporis | micosporum cani (football) trihophyton metagrophytes | round or val red scaley patches often less red and scaley in th emiddle or healed in the middle , most prominent in body folds, itchy patches | skin scrapings in KOH, long rough, thickwalled macroconidia, stain with blue or black ink, culture -fast white | (ringworm of the body) Infetion of he trunk legs or arms |
| Tinea pedis | T.Rubum (ruby red), Epidermophyton floccosum (baby feet smooth thin walls) T.Metagrophytes (cigar shaped long thing walls) | Athlete's foot(most irritable skin) Clusters of blisters or pustules on sides of feet, round dry pathes on top of foot | Lateral microconidia, grow sloly in clutre , white to pnik color, reverse to blood red to redish brown | Athlete's foot (ringworm of the foot) Cutaneous infection |
| TInea manuum | T.Rubum (ruby red), Epidermophyton floccosum (baby feet smooth thin walls) T.Metagrophytes (cigar shaped long thing walls) | Peeling, dryness and mild itching on the plam of the hand. Blistering rash on the edges of the finges or palm. The blisters appear in crop andcontain a sticky clear fluid | Lateral microconidia, grow sloly in clutre , white to pnik color, reverse to blood red to redish brown | rimgowrm of one of both hands. cutaneous infections |
| Tinea cruris | T.Rubum (ruby red), Epidermophyton floccosum (baby feet smooth thin walls) T.Metagrophytes (cigar shaped long thing walls) | rash has a scaly rased red border that spreads down the inner thighs from the groin or scrotum. May form ring-like patterns on the buttocks, rash can be very itchy | Lateral microconidia, grow sloly in clutre , white to pnik color, reverse to blood red to redish brown | ringworm of groin "jock itch" *most common in adult men. Cutaneous infection |
| Tinea unguim | T.Rubum (ruby red), Epidermophyton floccosum (baby feet smooth thin walls) T.Metagrophytes (cigar shaped long thing walls) | Nails hardened or crumbling distally, discolored lusterless. Flaky white patches and pits appear on the top of the nail plate. the end of the nail may lift up the edges often crumbles. Treatment = Topical antifungal medications and oral antifungal med | Lateral microconidia, grow sloly in clutre , white to pnik color, reverse to blood red to redish brown | Fungal infection of nails "onychomycosis" often results from untreated tinea pedis |
| Tinea Capitis | T. tonsurans (spirla hypae - cigar shape suede like) Microsporum canis | Circular bald patches withs hort hair stubs and broken hair shafts. Treatmens selenium sulfide, zinc pyrithione, ketoconazole | Man imcroconida on stalks, baloon forms. culture - suede-lik radial folds. white to creamy color | ring worm of the scalp. common in children. Contangious! Cutaneous inf. |
| Ectothrix | Microporum canis | The fungal branges (hyphae) and spores (arthroconodia) over the outside of the hair | Woods light= floresces green | infection of hair shaft surface |
| Endothrix | Microsporum canis , Trichophyton tonsaurans | The hair shaft is filled with fungal branches (hyphae and psore (arthroconida) | Mycelium and spores in hair shaft. do not florece with woods light | Infection of the har shaft INTERIOR Cutaneous infection |
| Candidiasis | canida albicans (pseudo hyphae yeast). depends on a lifing host for survival. it is a normal inhabitant of the huan digestive tract. it does not case disease most of the time | pra; camodetos (thrush) inf of thmouth and trowts. Vulvovaginal candiditis, napidn dernatitis (diaper rash) Crhonic paronychia (nail fold inf) Onchomycosis (nail plate infection chronic candiditis) | microscopy of skin scraping and culture | Candida is rhe name of a group of yeasts that commonly infect skin. The name "candida" refers the white color of the organisms in culture Cutanisou inf. Onchyomycosis is dif from tinea unguium b/c it is yeast |
| Sporotrichosis | Sporothrix shenckii (dimorphic=old/dark, young/white) is mycelial but once inside host it becomes yeast. Source= thorns shrubs moss hummus rotting veggies | small painless bumbp (red/pink/purple) Applears on finger hand or arm. followed by addtionsl bumps which respemble boils that are slow to heal spread to other areas of the body | culture @25deg thin hypae with oval microconidia arraned in a rosette pattern. @ 37 football shaped yeast | Sub Cu inf Called Rose growers disease. fungus enters skin through puncture. Not spread person to person. prevention= wear gloves and avoi moss Treatment potassium iodide and sporonox, |
| Chromoblastomycosis (Chromomycosis) | Fonscaea Pedrosoi (copper penny), Fonsecaea compacta, cladosporium crrionii (brown or black pigment fungi known as dematiaceous fungi) | Starts with a small firm red or grey bump. Grows very slowly 2mm per yr. Eventally a warty dry nodule or plaque dveops = cauliflower like appearance at inn sites. affected limb- elephantits, very itchy. Treatment = intracnazole, flucytosine, thiobendzol | superficial crusts mounted in KOH dermatiaceous septae branching hyphae culture = @25 deg olive green to black fungal colonies with a suide like surface after 1-2 weeks | Sub Cu Inf. chronic. due to several fungi found in soil woods and decaying plant materal. Innoculated tinto the skin by a minor injury ex cut with spinter barefoot |
| Mycetoma | Pseudalleschereia boydii (most common in US) Madurella grisea (most common in South America) Leptosphaeria senegalensis (most common in west africa) | usually found on foot. Begins as painless swelling = thickening of skin and subcu tissue. can become tumous in size. affects muscles and bones at advance stage. Treatment = resistant chemotherapy | White brown yellow or black granules in exudate, granules are fim aggregates **Septaie hyphae often embeded in a magrix cement substance (clustered hyphae) found in lesional tissue in sinus tract | Sub Cu inf. Maduar foot maduomycetoma maduromycosis eumycetoma. A chronic inf of skin. Common in Mexico |
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melissape
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