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Biology flashcardss
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| matter | something that occupies space, substance of which any physical object consists or is composed, anything that takes up space and has mass. |
| solid | mass of matter of which the shape cannont be changed permanently and greatly without fracture, a definite shape, takes shape of container |
| liquid | composed of molecules that move freely among themselves but do not tend to separate like those of gases, not gaseous or solid, any fuild substance that is not a solid or gas |
| gas | a substance possessing perfect molecular ability and the property of indefinite expansion, as opposed to a solid or liquid |
| chemical change | usually irreversible reaction involving rearrangement of atons of one or more substances and a change in tehir chemical properties or composition, resulting information of at least one new substance |
| energy | the ability to cause change, ability to do work |
| kinetic energy | energy which it possesses due to its motion, energy that a body possesses by virtue of being a human, energy that moves, i.e. a moving car |
| potential energy | energy possessed by a body of virtue of its posistion relevent to others, stresses within itself, electric charge, and other factos, aka stored energy |
| element | substance that can't be broken down into simpler chemical substances, substance made of only one kind of atom |
| atom | smallest particle of an element that has the characteristics of that element |
| proton | postively charged particles in an atom |
| neutron | neutral particles in atoms |
| electron | region of space surrounding nucleus contains extremly small, negatively charged particles |
| atomic number | number of protons in nucleus of atom, which determines the chemical properties of an alement and its place in the periodic table |
| atomic mass | average mass of atoms in an element |
| isotope | atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons |
| compound | substance that is composed of atoms of two or more different elements that are chemically combined |
| molecule | a group of atoms held together by covalent bonds |
| covalent bond | when two atoms share electrons, this is the force that holds them together |
| ion | charged particle made of atoms |
| ionic bond | attractive force between two ions of opposite charge, transfer of one or more electrons from one atom to another |
| read and listen to all instructions and read all labels before beginning the lab, know where and use properly safety equipment during lab, and in the event of an accident, tell the instructor immediately (but calmly) | What are the 3 lab safety rules? |
| 92 | How many naturally occuring elements are there? |
| Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorous, KPotassium, Iodine, Nitrogen, Sulfur, CAlcium, FEiron, MGmagnesium | What does C HOPKINS CAFE MG stand for? |
| Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen | what are the four most common elements that make up 96% of our bodies? |
| nucleus, energy level(s), proton, neutron, electron | Parts of an atom? |
| 1st energy level - 2 electrons, 2nd energy level - 8 electrons, 3rd energy level- 8 or 18 electrons | What do the 3 energy levels consist of? |
| Covalent bond | share some valence electrons (valence- outermost energy level) ex. water -- freezing point - 0 degrees celsius -- boiling point - 100 degrees celsius |
| Ionic bond | transfer of some valence electrons |
| Mixture | 2 or more substances physically combined, there is no chemical change or bonding of atoms |
| 1. mixture - physical blending, compound - chemical blending, 2. mixture - substances can be physically separated, compunds - substances cannon be physically separated, 3. mixture - don't need to combine any definite proportions | Differences between mixtures and compounds: 3 things |
| 3. compounds - must combine difinite proportions of the elements to get chemical bonding, 4. mixture retains the properties of each substance in it, compounds has its own properties, not those of each substance in it, | Differences between mixtures and compounds: 1.5 things |
| 5. mixture - no energy involved to form it, compound - some energy involved to form it | Difference between mixtures nad compounds: 1 thing |
| mixture - heterogenous blending, solution - homogenous blending, calloid - blending of substances that are almost homogenous, suspension - particles that are larger than ions or small molecules spread through a solvent | Types of mixtures |
| solute- substance that dissolves ex. salt, solvent - substance in which the solute dissolves ex. water "universal solvent" | examples of solution |
| pH | hydrogen potential, scale 0-14, 0 being VERY acidic, 14 being VERY basic, 7 being neutral |
Created by:
katielewis1
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