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Latin words ch.1-9
Latin Ecce Romani Chapter 1-9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ecce | Look |
| Puella puellae | girl |
| nomine | by name, called |
| quae | who |
| habitat Habitant | lives, is living, does live |
| etiam | also |
| villa villae | country house |
| villa rustica villae rusticae | country house with farm |
| ubi | where |
| aestate | summer |
| laeta laetae | happy |
| quod | because |
| iam | now |
| sub arbore | under the tree |
| sedet sedent | sits, is sitting, does sit |
| et | and |
| legit legunt | reads, is reading, does read |
| altera | a second |
| vicina vicinae | neighboring |
| dum | while |
| scribit scribunt | writes, is writing, does write |
| quis | who |
| cur | why |
| quid facit | What does....do? What is.....doing? |
| Where is a verb in latin? | at the end of the sentence. |
| Where is the adj. in the sentence | after the noun |
| What do all sentences have | a noun |
| cantat cantant | sing |
| salutat salutant | wave |
| dormit dormiunt | sleep |
| saltat saltant | dance |
| plorat plorant | cry |
| cadit cadunt | fall |
| ridet rident | laugh |
| natat natant | swim |
| studet student | study |
| clamat clamant | shout |
| delineat delineant | draw |
| ambulat ambulant | walk |
| videt vident | see |
| surgit surgunt | stand |
| amica amicae | friend |
| adiuvat adiuvant | help |
| teach | docet docent |
| quoque | also |
| sunt | (they) are |
| hodie | today |
| sed | but |
| in agris | in the fields |
| brevi tempore | in a short time, soon |
| defessa defessae | tired |
| non iam | no longer |
| strenua strenuae | active, energetic, lively |
| tandem | at last |
| ex agris | from/out of the fields |
| ad villam rusticam | to toward the country house and farm |
| lente | slowly. |
| Quid Faciunt | What are......doing? |
| Subjects | the person or thing that does something (noun) |
| Verb | What the thing is doing |
| Linking Verb | links a subject and an adj. Example: Cornelia est laeta |
| Complement | Completes the sentence....renames the subject....mostly an adj. or a noun Cornelia est laeta Puellae est Cornelia |
| If the subject is singular the verb: | ends in t |
| If the subject is plural the verb: | ends in nt |
| eius | her |
| saepe | often |
| If you state the name, do you need to restate the name or use her again if it is understood? | NOOOOO |
| Sunt at the beginning of a sentence means | There are |
| quae | who that |
| if a subject is plural and feminine it ends in | ae or e |
| if a subject is singular and feminine it ends in | a(mostly) |
| bona bonae | good |
| male | bad |
| amat amant | love |
| currere | to run |
| quid | what |
| cur | why |
| ubi | where |
| quis | who |
| When a verb ends in nt it's subject is | they |
| when a verb ends in t it's subject is | he, she |
| Whenever the subject is changed to plural or singular the complement is : | changed to plural or singular too. |
| When the subject in a sentence is plural the adj describing it is: | plural as well. Laeta Puella currit. Laetae Puellae currunt. |
| bene | well |
| aperit aperiunt | open |
| magna magnae | loud, big, great |
| laudat laudant | praise |
| semper | always |
| auscultat ausculant | listen |
| eam | plural of her |
| misera miserae | horrible miserable |
| filia filiae | daughter |
| intrat intrant | enter |
| orat orant | pray |
| tacet tacent | to say nothing |
| famila familae | family |
| puer pueri | boy |
| qui | who |
| in villis rusticis | in the country house |
| laetus laeti | happy |
| alterus alteri | another |
| amicus amici | friend |
| defessus defessi | tired |
| strenuus strenui | energetic |
| bonus boni | good |
| magnus magni | loud |
| miserus miseri | miserable |
| malus mali | bad |
| eadem | the same |
| in horto | in the garden |
| horta hortae | garden |
| hortus horti | garden |
| vir viri | man |
| servus servi | slave |
| multi | many |
| multae | many |
| laborat laborant | work |
| solus soli | alone |
| sola solae | alone |
| iratus irati | angry |
| irata iratae | angry |
| subito | suddenly |
| in piscinam | in the pond |
| piscina piscinae | pond |
| Abite molesti | Go away pests |
| molestus molesti | pest |
| molesta molstae | pest |
| rusticus rustici | rustic |
| gemit gemunt | groan |
| salvus slavi | safe |
| salva salvae | safe |
| minime | no |
| ita vero | yes |
| The gender and number must always match in; | a sentece and between an adj and noun |
| femina feminae | woman |
| ex horto | leave the garden |
| If you dont know the ending, you cant | pluralize or describe it correctly. |
| poeta poetae | poet |
| nauta nautae | sailor |
| agricola agricolae | farmer |
| athleta atheletae | athlete |
| the above words are | masculine they are exceptions |
| If the adj ends in a but it is masc. : | the adj are masculine. |
| The mas. singular ending is: | us,r |
| the mas. plural endings are: | i |
| e is the same as | ex |
| robustus robusti | strong |
| robusta robustae | strong |
| bella bellae | beautiful |
| bellus belli | handsome |
| liber libri | book |
| magister magistri | teacher |
| magistra magistrae | teacher |
| novus novi | new |
| nova novae | new |
| Latin is | consistant |
| parvus parvi | small |
| parva parvae | small |
| in solum | on the floor |
| discipula discipulae | girl students |
| dicispulus discipuli | boy students |
| ager agri | field |
| agro agris | use in prep. phrase-in the field/s |
| tibi gratzia | thank you |
| strenue | hard working hard |
| interrogative questions are: | quis, quid, cur, cuando, ubi |
| to read | legete |
| You only need est after the question if it is | a linking verb and complement. Quid est flavia? Quid legit Flavia? |
| Add ne to a: | linking verb subject name |
| this shows what | if it is a yes or no question. |
| Where is it added to: | the end of the first word in the question. |
| molestus | troublesome annoying |
| semper | always |
| vexat | annoyes |
| igitur | therefore |
| amat | likes love |
| dormit | sleeps |
| conspicit | catches sight of |
| furtim | stealthily |
| appropinquat | approaches |
| ascendit | climbs |
| magnus | big, great |
| magna voce | in a loud voice |
| audit | hears, listens |
| videt | sees |
| vox | voice |
| terret | frightens |
| sollicita | anxious, worried |
| tum | at the moment, then |
| Descende, Sexte | Come down, Sextus. |
| tu | you |
| Nihil | nothing |
| te | you(do) |
| Cave! | be careful |
| Ramus | branch |
| infirmus | weak, shaky |
| fragor | crash, noise |
| Qualis | What sort of? |
| Quo? | Where...to? |
| What is a direct object: | It names the person or thing that receives the action. |
| How is a direct object expressed: | it ends in m |
| the adjective of the direct object must: | meet the same # and gender. |
| Endings of feminine: | am'eam |
| endings of masculine: | um, |
| Endings of irregular: | rem, em |
| irregular words: | singular: pater, vox, arbor, fragor, clamor plural: patres, voces, arbores, fragores, clamores d.o: patrem, vocem, arborem, fragorem, clamorem |
| Gender of each: | fragor-masculine clamor-masculine arbor-feminine vox- feminine pater-masculine |
| When addressing someone, any word ending in us changes to: | e=Sexte, magne sexte |
| molus | donkey |
| silvus | woods |
| spectat | looks |
| sacina | bag |
| canis | dog |
| manet | stays |
| Rogat | question |
| igitur | what happens |
| habet | has |
| timet | scared |
| fatuus/fatua | stupid |
| equus | horse |
| si | if |
| dies | day |
| calidus | warm |
| in silvam | in the woods |
| ibi | there |
| rivus | stream |
| frigidus | cool, cold |
| errant | wander |
| prope | near |
| vult | wants, wishes |
| ignavus | cowardly, lazy |
| respondet | replies |
| neque | neither, nor |
| temerarius | rash, reckless |
| lupus | wolf |
| perterritus | frightened, terrified |
| statim | immediately |
| Ferte auxilium | bring help! help! |
| ubi | where, when |
| clamor | shout, shouting |
| ad puellas | toward the girls |
| eos | them |
| eum | him |
| petit | looks for, seeks |
| arripit | grabs hold of, snatches |
| repellit | drives off |
| e silva | out of the woods, from the woods |
| salvae | safe |
| adveniunt | reach, arrive (at) |
| excipiunt | welcome |
| adhuc | still |
| timet | fears, is afraid. |
| non | not. |
| nondum | not yet |
| lucet | it is light;day |
| surgit | get up, rise |
| per villam | through the house |
| pater | father |
| mater | mother |
| etiam | also |
| neque | and...not |
| tamen | however |
| ancilla | slave-woman |
| omnes | all |
| observat | watch |
| purgat | clean |
| cibus | food |
| coquere | to cook |
| coquit | cooks |
| mox | soon, presently |
| strenue | strenuously, hard |
| aqua | water |
| portant | carry |
| reprehendit | blames, scolds |
| docet | teach |
| curare | to look after |
| lanam tahunt | spin wool |
| omina quae | everything that |
| adiuvare | to help |
| ipsa | she herself |
| nunc | now |
| necesse est | it is necessary |
| an infinitive can come after a: | impersonal-necesse est |
| endings of singular: | feminine: a masculine: r, us |
| endings of plural | feminine: ae masculine: i |
| endings of direct objects: | feminine: am masculine: um |
| endings of plural direct objects: | feminine: as masculine: os |
| endings of irregular: | x, e |
| endings of irregular plural: | es |
| endings of irregular direct objects: | es |
| vincere | to win |
| coquunt, coquit, coquere, coquo | cook |
| trahunt | drag, pull |
| trahere | infitinve form of trahunt |
| necat | to kill |
| fratrem | brother |
| morta | dead |
| adjectives must match the | noun they are describing. |
| occupatus | busy |
| laborantes | working |
| spectant | watch, look at |
| nuntius | messenger |
| vent | comes |
| salutat | greets |
| Salve! | Greetings! Hello! |
| inquit | says |
| meus | my |
| ducit | leads, takes |
| tradit | hands over |
| Eheu! | Alas! |
| princeps | the emperor |
| ad urbem | to the city |
| revocat | recalls |
| consulere | to consult |
| redire | to return |
| Eugepae | Hurray |
| ire | to go |
| Nominative case | the subject of the verb |
| accusative case | the direct object of te verb |
| 1st declension | feminine |
| 2nd declension | masculine |
| 3rd declension | unique words |
| 1st declension singular endings | nom: a-puella acc: am-puellam |
| 1st declension plural endings: | nom: ae-puellae acc; as-puellas |
| 2nd declension singular endings: | nom: us, r-servus,puer acc: um-servum, puerum |
| 2nd declension plural endings; | nom:i-servi acc;os-servos |
| 3rd declension singular endings; | nom: r, x-mater, vox acc: em-matrem, vocem |
| 2rd declension plural endings: | nom: es-matres, voces acc:es-matres, voces |
| How can you find clues in the sentence: | by looking at the adjectives, verbs, and endings of the words there. |
| In the 3rd declension, how can you tell the difference between nom. and acc. plural: | by looking at the adjectives..... if it is a direct object the ending of the adj will be am or em or os or as describing it, but if it is the subject the adjectives describing it will be a,ae,i,us,r. |
| habet | has |
| dicit | tells |
| igitur | therefore |
| When showing possession the word being possesed ends in: | plural-pater est Corneliae et marci |
| urbs: | city: feminine. |
| via | street |
| rogat | asks |
| IAM | already, now |
| Age/Agite | Come on! |
| vos | you (plural) |
| nos | we, us |
| excitare | to rouse, wake someone up |
| intrat | enters |
| cubiculum | bedroom |
| tempus | time |
| deinde | then, next |
| celeriter | quickly |
| induit | puts on |
| iterum | again, a second time |
| mihil | for me |
| I ending | o |
| you ending (s) | s |
| he/ she/ it ending | t |
| we ending | mus |
| you (p) ending | tis |
| they ending | nt |
| am and are conjugated: | Ego sum Tu es est nos sumus vos estis sunt |
| 1st case conjugation endings | o as at amus atis ant |
| 2nd case conjugated endings | eo es et emus etis ent |
| 3rd case conjugation endings | io is it imus itis unt |
| 4th case conjugation endings | io is it imus itis iunt |
| Vocative case: | only 2nd declension masculine nouns that end in (us) change to (e) when someone is talking to them. |
| debet | has to |
| iubet | demands |
| when it says _________ cum ______ the verb is | singular |
| paretnes | parents |
| omnia | everything |
| omnes | all |
| when there is iubet______ the verb following is | infinitive |
| carmen | song |
| Accusative prepositions: | prope, ad, inter, per, trans, circum, in, ante, post, super. |
| prope: | near |
| ad: | to |
| inter: | between |
| per: | through |
| trans: | across |
| circum: | around |
| in: | into |
| ante: | before |
| post | after |
| super | over, above |
| Ablative case: | In, sub, ex, ab, sine, cum, de |
| in: | in or on |
| sub: | under |
| ex: | out of |
| ab: | away |
| sine: | without |
| cum: | with |
| de: | down from |
| Accusative case endings: | singular: am, um, em plural: as, os, es |
| Ablative endings: | singular: a, o, e plural, is, is, ibus |
| caput | head |
| caelo | sky |
| tecto | roof |
| canis | dog |
| sua | her own |
| nemo | no one |
| nulli | no |
| ianitor | doorkeeper |
| ad ianuam | at the door |
| tacite | silently |
| temptat | tries |
| semisomna | half-asleep |
| hic | here |
| Tace! | be quiet |
| Noli....excitare! | Don't.....wake up! |
| mecum | with me |
| misera | unhappy |
| nobis | for us |
| discedere | to go away |
| tuus | your |
| vos omnes | all of you |
| simul | together |
| nescio | I do not know |
| secunda hora | second hour |
| lacrimant | weeps |
| O me Miseram | Poor me! |
| manere | to stay |
| Vale! | goodbye |
| mitte | send |
| promittis | you promise |
| complexu | in an embrace |
| tenete | holds |
| lacrimans | weeping |
| abit | goes away |
| festinat | hurries |
| alii....alii | some.....others |
| interea | meanwhile |
| gerit | wears |
| iubet | orders |
| alius | another, other |
| cista | trunk, chest |
| ponere | to put, place |
| in itinere | on a journey |
| liberi | children |
| gerere solent | accustomed to wearing, usually wear |
| ipse | herself |
| stat | stands |
| via | road |
| baculum | stick |
| habet | holds |
| scelestus | wicked |
| cras | tomorrow |
| incitat | spurs on, urges on |
| raeda | carriage |
| servus quidam | a certain slave |
| iacit | throws |
| paratus | ready |
| raedarius | coachman |
| equus | horse |
| eo ipso tempore | at that very moment |
| agit | drives |
| 1st conjugation: are | o, as, at, amus, atis, ant |
| 2nd conjugation:ere | eo, es, et, emus, etis, ent |
| 3rd conjugation:ere | o, is, it, imus, itis, unt istem: io, is, it, imus, itis, iunt |
| 4th conjugation:ire | io, is, it, imus, itis, iunt |
| Imperative is used in: | issuing orders |
| 1st con. imperative: are: | a, ate |
| 2nd con. imperative: ere | e, ete |
| 3rd con. imperative: ere | e, ite istem:e, ite |
| 4th con. imperative: | i, ite |
| irregular imperatives: | dic, dicite duc, ducite fac, facite fer, ferte fac |
| negative imperative | noli(don't)........ the ..... is an infinitve (noli excitare) |
| Via Appia | The Appian Way |
| vilicus | overseer, farm manager |
| dominus | master |
| absum, abesse | to be away, be absent |
| area | open space, threshing floor |
| plenus | full |
| quamquam | although |
| musso, mussre | to mutter |
| verbero, verberare | to beat |
| id quod | that which, what |
| ira | anger |
| illa nocte | that night |
| effugio,effugere | to flee,run away, escape |
| impedio, impedire | to hinder |
| se celare | to hide (himself) |
| porta | gate |
| Genitive case: | used to show possession or to show the prepositional phrase of |
| 1st case genitive case: | ae: villa puellae arum: villa puellarum |
| 2nd genitive case: | i: villa pueri orum: villa puerorum |
| 3rd genitive case: | is: villa matris um: villa matrum |
| pater(patris) | father |
| mater(matris) | mother |
| parens(parentis) | parent |
| frater(fratris) | brother |
| soror(sororis) | sister |
| filius(filii) | son |
| filia(filiae) | daughter |
| liberi(liberorum) | children |
| vir(viri) | man, husband |
| uxor(uxoris) | wife |
| numerus | numbers |
| The Cornlians seek rome: | along the Appian Way |
| if the master is away, | the overseer takes care of the master's home |
| Davus orders | all the slaves to come into the threshing floor |
| The slaves must work: | strenuously |
| The slaves must do what Davus said because | Davus wants to be master, he has a stick, and can beat them |
| they return to the fields because: | they fear the overseers stick |
| Why does Geta not return: | he neither loves the overseer or fears his andger |
| What does he do: | at night he packs food and flees |
| When it is day, he hides: | in the branches of a tree |
| Why is Davus angry and worried: | he doesn't see Geta. |
Created by:
giugiu427
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