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Taxonomy: Bio 11

MHS grade 11 Bio with Ms. Gallant

QuestionAnswer
Autotroph? organism that makes it's energy using inorganic material by photosynthesis or chemosynthesis
Heterotroph? An organism requiring organic compounds for it's nutrience.
Decomposer? Organsim (Bacteria/Fungus) that breaks down the cells of dead plants & animals into simpler substances.
Symbiosis? When two different organisms live in a close relationship (fish that lives on a manta ray)
Fermentation? The process by which a complex compound is broken down by action of enzymes into simpler compounds WITHOUT Oxygen
Taxonomy? classification of life
Theory of Evolution (3) *Science of how things change *We all came from another thing
Phylogeny (4)? * Science of Classification *Classifies by Evolonginists *Study of Evolution *Looks at Fossils
Phylogenists? studies phylogeny and studies fossils!
Cladistics? classifies using an "evolution tree"
What is a fossil and what does it preserve? A cast or mold of an organism preserved in rock and can preserve tracks, seeds, skeletons and droppings.
What can a fossil be found in? Rock, ice, amber or in sedimentary rock
Can a fossil exist in volcanic rock? NO!
Name the eight methods tat are used by today's taxonomists. 1. Fossil Record 2. Homologous Structure 3. Comparative Embryology 4.Comparative Biochemistry 5. Comparative DNA & RNA 6.Function 7.Behaviour 8.Nurtition
What is a fossil record? Method the taxonomists use. How plants and animals are related by the available preserved structures.
What is a homologous structure? Method the taxonomists use. Structure of different species are similar
What is a comparative Embryology? Method the taxonomists use. comparison between the pattern of development before birth.
What is comparative biochemistry? Method the taxonomists use. Study of chmistry and of subastances produced by animals and plants...
What is Comparative DNA & RNA? Method the taxonomists use. The study to compare the DNA and RNA of animals and plants
What is the "Function"? Method the taxonomists use. What an organism does or it's place in the ecosystem
What is the "Behavious"? Method the taxonomists use. It is how an organism reacts and responds to different things
What is the "nutrition"? Method the taxonomists use.What the organism uses to produce energy and nutrition.
T or F. Taxonomy is a fact TRUE
What does the greek word TAXA mean? categories of groups
What is the point of classifying? For order and organization
Who was credited with the first classification system? Aristotle 400 BC
How was Aristotle's classification system divided? One group animals-> by habitat (land, air, water) and one group plants-> by stem structure and size (herb, shrub, tree)
What were the problems with Aristotles classification system? It was too general, not specific enough, not all organisms fit into one category.
Who was John Ray? He improved upon Aristotle's classification system. He introduced the idea of species.
What was John Ray's definition of species? They are similar in structure and reproduce and pass on genes.
Who was Carl Linnaeus? He founded the modern taxonomy system.
What does Carl Linnaeus' system have? Kingdoms that are also divided. This allowed organisms to be properly classified.
name the 7 Taxa groups Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Binomial Nomenclature? Two word naming process used in taxonomy.
Why are Greek names used in naming? Prevents confusion between languages, it is the same in every launguage and prevent confusion by not using the common name.
What are the rules to naming an organism scientifically. 1. Name the Genus first (underline or italics, capitalize the first letter) 2. Species name second, all lower case and underlined or italics
Created by: sorayolei
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