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Chpt 2 Science
Living Environment Regents
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| basic unit of matter | Atom |
| when an atom loses an electrons | it Becomes POSITIVE |
| when atom gains an electrons | it Becomes NEGATIVE |
| the three subatomic particles of an atom | Neutron, Electron & Proton |
| a proton is | Positively Charged |
| A neutron is | Neutral |
| an electron is | Negatively charged |
| type of bond that SHARES electrons | covalent bonds |
| two or more elements combine | Compound |
| Four main elements that make up 96% of human | Nitrogen, Oxygen, Hydrogen & Carbon |
| using capital and lowercase letters | Abbreviation for Electrons |
| type of bond that GIVES electrons | Ionic Bonds |
| what you find in the nucleus of the atom | Neutron & Protons |
| on the outer shell of the atom | are Electrons |
| A single sugar | Monosaccaride |
| process of combining two or more molecules to get a larger molecule | Dehydration Synthesis |
| the polymer of a sugar | Polysaccharide |
| How a lipid is made | 3 fatty acids, 1 glycerol |
| Two types of nucleic acids | RNA & DNA |
| Nucleotide is made up of | Phosphate, 5 Carbon Sugar, Nitrogen Base |
| Makes up a protein | Amino Acids |
| breaking down a large polymer into a smaller one | Hydrolysis |
| Why are nucleic acids so important? | They carry DNA |
| Why are carbohydrates so important? | Main source of Energy |
| Examples of Proteins | nuts, fish, eggs, meat |
| Examples of Carbohydrates | pasta, bread, potato |
| DNA has a sugar called | deoxyribose |
| The left side of an equation is | Reactant |
| The right side of an equation is | Products |
| Two examples of a compound are | Water & Oxygen H2o+Co2 |
| Making ice tea, the powder is the | Solute |
| Making ice tea, the water is the | Solvent |
| Example of Ionic Bonding | salt |
| Example of Covalent Bonding | water |
| Combine two proteins and you get | Peptide Bond |
| Two parts of the protein are | Amino Acids! |
| Why are proteins important? | They build muscle, controls reactants, helps fight diseases, transport info in and out of the cells |
| which organic compound is matched w/ subunit that composes it? | starch - glucose |
| which organic compound is found in most cells? | glucose |
| which is the carbohydrate molecule? | C6H12O6 |
| Plants store carbohydrates in the form of | starch |
| Which process produces peptide bonds? | Dehydration Synthesis |
| Which substance is formed as a result of the chemical breakdown of glycogen? | Glucose |
| what are the end products of carbohydrate hydrolysis | simple sugar |
| which molecule usually contains hydrogen and oxygen atoms in the ration 2:1 ? | carbohydrate |
| proteins are synthesized from less complex organic compounds known as | amino acids |
| fatty acids and amino acids both contain | carboxyl groups |
| the process by which two monosaccharide molecules combine under certain conditions is the example of | dehydration synthesis |
| which substance are most commonly used as building blocks in the synthesis of some lipids? | glycerol and fatty acids! |
| cellulose is formed from glucose molecules by a process known as | dehydration synthesis |
| question #22 about dehydration synthesis | Maltose is correct |
| chain of chemically bonded amino acid molecules forms a compound known as | polypeptide |
| #23 | 3 |
| uses for radioactive isotopes | cancer treatment, bacteria for food spoil, ages of rocks, tracers in human |
| when a slight attraction can develop between oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules | Van der Waals Forces |
| the unequal sharing electrons causes the water molecule to be polar | Polarity |
| substance which is dissolved | solute |
| the substance in which the solute dissolves | solvent |
| mixtures of water and non dissolved material | suspensions |
| lipids are part of a | biological membrane |
| 1 6.9 of PH | H+ ion |
| 7 - 14PH | OH- base |
| structure that results when atoms are joined together by covalent bonds | Molecule |
| energy needed to get the reaction started | Activation Energy |
| energy is released or absorbed whenever chemical bonds form or are | broken |
| RNA contains | sugar ribose |
| proteins level of organizations | 1. sequence of amino acids in a protein chain 2. with in a chain can be twisted or folded 3. the chain itself folded 4. van der waals forces and hydrogen bonds help maintain protein shape!! |
| large compounds are built by joined smaller ones | polymerization |
| small units | Monomers |
| Small monomers joined together | Polymers |
| Lipids are use to store | energy |
| Animals store excess sugar | Glycogen |
| formed when a glycerol molecule combines with fatty acids | Lipids!!! |
| attraction between molecules of difference substances | adhesion |
| attraction between molecules of the same substance | cohesion |
| water molecule is | neutral |
| carboxyl group | COOH |
Created by:
natalieswisher
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