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Human Bio Test 1
beginning to Nervous system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Criteria for life Vs. nonliving things | Cellular, Chemical composition, metabolism,Irrability,reproduction, Evolution, homeostasis, Death |
| Biological Human Uniqueness | Bi-pedal (two legs), Oposible thumb, Large Brain, Complex Language |
| History of Hum Bio | A. Superstition,witchcraft, Magic, disease as evil spirits. B. Philosophy reasoning pre Aristotle - 4 Humors: Blood, Phlegn, Choler (yellow bile), Black bile C. Religion D. Scientology - Hippocrates (Father of medicine) |
| E. Medicine began in Greece - 5th century A.D. died 600 years in Rome Rebirth of medicine - study autonomy | Circulation of blood - William Harvey 1628 |
| Which type of bond involves the "give and take" of electrons. | ionic |
| Which type of bond would be found in most organic molecules, e.g., sugar. | covalent |
| An atom that has 4 electrons, 4 protons and 6 neutrons would have an atomic mass of | 10 |
| An atom is composed of | b. electrons and protons |
| Which of the following define the atomic number? | protons |
| The C13 is and isotope of C12 which has 6 protons. How many neutrons does C13 have? | 7 |
| Which of the following best describes an ion | a charged molecule |
| Hydrochloric acid is an acid because it gives off | H+ |
| A solution with a pH of 6 would be considered | slightly acidic |
| If a solution has a pH of 3.2 and a chemical is added to buffer the solution what will happen to the pH of the solution | It will remain near pH 3.2 |
| Proteins are made from __________ which are connected together by peptide bonds | amino acids |
| Molecules such as glycogen and cellulose that are formed from long chains of individual sugar molecules are called __________ | polysaccharides |
| Which of the following would NOT be considered a lipid? | an amino acid |
| DNA is considered this type of compound | Not a lipid or protein or carbohydrate |
| Primitive cells known as__________ cells lack a true nucleus. | prokaryotic |
| Which of the following statements best explain the how a tissue like bone can exist despite the fact that there are relatively few cells in the bone tissue? | biological organisms are made from cells and cell products |
| Which of the following are or are comprised of eukaryotic cells? | humans and animals |
| Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between cells and the 5 biological kingdoms? | The cells that make up the organisms of the 5 kingdoms vary in accord with the types of organisms in the kingdom |
| Cell division involves which of the following? | cytokinesis and mitosis |
| The majority of the cell cycle is spent in | interphase |
| The last phase of the cell cycle is | telophase |
| Which of the following is NOT a significant function of the plasma membrane? A. synthesizing chromosomes b. selective permeability c. intercellular interactions d. exocytosis | a it is involved in synthesizing chromosomes |
| Which of the following statements reflects the concept of selective permeability? | because of their chemical nature |
| Energy production is best associated with | mitochondria |
| Cell division is best associated with | nucleus |
| Protein synthesis is best associated with | Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| Packaging large molecules is best associated with | Golgi complex/apparatus |
| Flagella are best associated with… | microtubules/microfilaments |
| The terms smooth and skeletal are best associated with this tissue type of tissue | muscle tissue |
| The terms linings and glands are best associated with this tissue type of tissue | epithelial tissue |
| The terms responsive and sensory are best associated with this tissue type. | nerve tissue |
| The terms fibroblast and cartilage are best associated with this tissue type. | connective tissue |
| Listed below are several functions of skin and an associated mechanism. Which of these has a mechanism inconsistent with the function? | protection from heat loss via blocking out external heat |
| Other Functions of the skin… | protection from UV rays via melanin protection against bacteria via a physical barrier protection from fluid loss via a physical barrier |
| What substance is common to hair, nails and skin | Keratin |
| Which of the following is the best comparison between the dermis and the epidermis? | the dermis is made of connective tissue and contains nerve endings |
| There are numerous types of glands associated with the integumentary system. Which of the following substances is/are NOT released by at least one of these types of gland? | hormones |
| The vertebral column is considered a part of the_____________ skeleton | axial |
| Functions of the skeletal system | provides a framework for the body provide protection enables movement of the body produce blood cells |
| Which of the following statements regarding the relationship between a skeletal system and movement is true? | the skeletal system determines the type of movement |
| The name of the "hard" component of bone is | calcium phosphate |
| Bone ossification (hardening) normally begins | in the middle of the bone |
| A joint would best be described as | a place where two bones adjoin |
| The impulse normally travels from the _____ of a neuron to the ________. | From the Dendrite to act on the axon |
| The substances that convey the impulse between neurons (via a synapse) are called _________ | neurotransmitters |
| A simple definition of an electrical potential is __________ | difference in voltage |
| What significant event occurs within the neuron that results in an action potential? | ion channels are opened |
| Why does the nervous impulse travel faster when the nerve is covered with myelin? | the action potential "skips" over the myelin |
| In terms of anatomical organizationthe brain and spinal chord are part of the ___________ | Central nervous system |
| Which of the following terms does NOT fit in this grouping? | a. sympathetic nervous system b. somatic nervous system c. parasympathetic nervous system d. autonomic nervous system nervous system |
| Which of the following is best associated with the autonomic nervous system? | control of sexual function and control of muscle function |
| A reflex NOT involve ________ | the brain |
| Inductive Vs. Deductive reasoning | Inductive - adding to come to conclusion Deductive - talking away info to form conclusion Therefore... |
| Protons | = # of electrons and Atomic Number |
| Neutrons | Neutrons+Protons = Atomic mass |
| Ecectrons | Chemical bonding Happy with 8 |
| 2 or more atoms together | Molecule |
| a pure substance of only one atom | element |
| Covalent bonds | Sharing electrons |
| ionic bonds | Give and take electrons become + or - in order to attract |
| Hydrogen bonds | Get all the electrons they can |
| Water is a solvent for both organic and inorganic substances | provides medium for reactions to take place transports compounds in body |
| Acids | donate a H+ ion when put in water |
| Bases | donate OH- when put in water |
| Strength of bases or acids depends on | Willingness to donate H+ or OH- Ion |
| PH Scale | 7.0=neutral Less than 7 =acidic More than 7 = basic 7.4 = humans = slightly basic |
| Buffers | Syablize substance so it STAYS at current PH does NOT neutralize substance |
| Ions = | charged particles ions in solutions are called electrolytes |
| Free radicals | contain an unpaired electron 1. tend to damage tissues 2. neutralized via anti-oxidants |
| Proteins | Amino acids linked together Skin, Bone, hair all proteins ALL PEPTIDES are proteins NOT vise versa |
| Proteins are comprised of 20 different amino acids | All enzymes are proteins not Vise versa |
| Protein shape is important - Helix | Protein significance a. structure - hair muscle, connective tissue b. functional - enzymes increase rate of reactions |
| Carbohydrates are sugars Different carbohydrates | Mono - simple sugars Disa - two simple sugars together Poly - polymer or string of simple sugars |
Created by:
Scruffy
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