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Insect anatomy 1
Insect Anatomy Level 2, Head & Legs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| metametric | many segments |
| tagma | one segment |
| tagmetisation | fusing of tagma |
| labral | 1st head segment |
| antennal | 2nd head segment |
| post antennal | 3rd head segment |
| mandibular | 4th head segment |
| maxillary | 5th head segment |
| labrial | 6th head segment |
| scape | base of antenna |
| pedicel | second part of antenna |
| flagellum | top part of antenna |
| annuli | pseudosegments on flagellum |
| Johnston's organ | organ with stretch receptors to detect movement of antenna, found in the pedicel |
| Plumose | name for hairy antennae |
| arista | branch type structure on flagellum on dipteria |
| frons | front part of the head (everything that's the mouth) |
| occipital foramen | back of the head (everything that isn't the mouth) |
| medial ocellus | on labral segment, just one |
| lateral ocelli | pair - found on antennal segment |
| ectognathous | external to the body |
| mandibulate mouthparts | thought to be ancestoral form. Omnivorous insects. |
| hypopharynx | tongue NOT modified appendage |
| salivary gland | versatile - produces poison/silk etc |
| labrum | upper lip |
| labrum proper | bottom part of labrum |
| clypeus | upeer part of labrum, hinges onto frons |
| epipharynx | underneath labrum |
| mandibles | segment 4, jaws |
| molar area | upper of the cutting parts of mandibles |
| cutting edge | middle of the cutting parts of mandibles |
| teeth | bottom of the cutting parts of mandibles |
| preoral cavity | mouth?! |
| maxillae | segment 5, sensory & cutting |
| cardo | top of maxillae |
| stipes | second part down of maxillae |
| lacinia | 3rd part down on maxillae, cutting surface |
| galea | next to lacinia on maxillae, chemoreceptors |
| maxillary palps | bi segmented, chemoreceptors |
| labium | segment 6, (lower jaw?) |
| postmentum | top of labium, hinges onto occipital foramen |
| prementum | just below postmentum on labium |
| labial palp | 3 segments |
| paraglossa | on labium, near the bottom |
| glossa | bottom of labium, surrounded more or less by the paraglossa |
| mosquito | massively elongated labium (gutter, everything else within it), labrum curled into a tube, hypopharynx with salivary canal elongated mandibles and maxillae to taste and cut. |
| mosquite bite & eat | snooker cue, labium bends labrum pushed through. Saliva pumped out as food sucked in to keep wound open |
| House fly feeding | U shaped labium (reduced), labrum forms lip, food canal = total volume inside, mouthparts hinge so haustellum hinges into head, saliva pumped out and liquifies food, pseudo trachae on underside of labellum, peristonal teeth (alternating C structures). |
| Butterfly feeding | hugely extended galia, interlocking & filled with blood, hydrostatic pressure, |
| larval dragonflies | extended labium, labial mask, extends with blood pressure, hooks grab prey,post and prementum |
| sexing flies | dichopic females (wide) holoptic males |
| ptilinum | sack inflated to break out of ground |
| ptilinum scar | ptilinum withdrawn, becomes ptilnium sutra |
| prothorax | 1st segment of thorax |
| mesothorax | 2nd segment of thorax |
| metathorax | 3rd segment of thorax |
| protonum | expanded cuticle of prothorax, protects joints, hercules beetle, reduced in flies |
| coxa | base of leg, muscles move leg forwards and backwards |
| trachanter | 2nd segment after the coxa, muscles move leg up and down |
| femur | third leg segment |
| tibia | fourth leg segment |
| tarsus | 5th segment of leg |
| tarsomeres | pseudosegments making up tarsus |
| pretarsus | final segment (6th) of leg with a pair of claws with pads in between |
| empodium | bristle in between pads on pretarsus |
| pads | fine grooves = grip |
| mantid leg | extended coxa, tibia + femeur = big with grippy spines |
| grasshopper legs | massive femeur and tibia, muscles in between responsile for jumping |
| mole cricket legs | flattened tarsus for digging, short femeur and tibia |
| backswimmer legs | flattened tarsus = a paddle |
| walking style | tripod |
Created by:
jh4782
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