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chp 16 earth science

QuestionAnswer
Anemometer wind speed.
Wind sock/wind vane wind direction.
Sling psychrometer relative humidity.
Rain gauge amount of precipitation.
Barometer atmospheric pressure.
Air temperature the result of movement of air molecules: the faster the molecules move, the warmer the air temperature.
Wind the result of air moving from a high atmospheric pressure to a low atmospheric pressure: the greater the difference in pressure, the faster the wind blows.
Relative humidity the amount of water vapor in the air compared to the amount needed for it to be saturated at a specific temperature.
Dew point the temperature at which air is saturated and condensation forms
Stratus cloud shapes layers.
Cumulus cloud shapes puffy, white
Cirrus curly, wispy; the only cloud made of ice crystals. Three main cloud types by height
Nimbus describes a cloud that produces precipitation, as in cumulonimbus or nimbostratus.
Precipitation Water, in any form of matter, falling from clouds. Raindrops vary in size due to: Strength of updrafts in clouds Rate of evaporation
Four main types of precipitation Rain Snow Sleet Hail
Air mass a large body of air that has properties similar to the part of Earth’s surface over which it develops.
Low pressure systems Swirl counterclockwise A.k.a. cyclones Associated with stormy weather Measured with a barometer
Front a boundary between two air masses of different density, moisture, or temperature
Cold front Occurs when cold air moves under warm air, lifting and cooling it so that clouds form. The bigger the difference in temperature, the greater a chance of a strong storm.
Warm front Occurs when warmer air moves over colder, denser air. Often leads to long periods of wet weather.
Occluded front Occurs when cold air approaches cool air and forces the warm air between them aloft. Often leads to violent storms
Stationary front Occurs when a boundary between air masses stops moving due to similar atmospheric pressures in the two air masses. Produces light wind and precipitation over several days.
Thunderstorms Signs: heavy rain, lightning and thunder, possibly hail.
What causes lightning? Movement of air within a cloud causes different parts of the cloud to become oppositely charged. Current flows between the areas and causes lightning.
What causes thunder? Air around a bolt of lightning heats quickly, then quickly cools and contracts, forming sound waves.
Hurricane A large, swirling low pressure system that forms over the warm Atlantic Ocean. Winds must be at least 119 km/h Called “typhoons” in the Pacific Ocean and “cyclones” in the Indian Ocean
Blizzard A winter storm with: winds of at least 56 km/h low temperature visibility less than 400m in falling or blowing snow these conditions lasting for 3 hrs. or more.
Severe Weather Safety Watch – issued when conditions are favorable for severe weather. Warning – issued when severe weather already exists.
Meteorologist a person who studies weather and the atmosphere using weather instruments to make weather maps.
Station model a set of symbols that shows the weather conditions at a specific location on Earth’s surface.
Isotherm a line that connects points of equal temperature on a weather map.
Isobar a line that connects points of equal barometric pressure on a weather map.
Weather the state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place. - refers to conditions such as atmospheric pressure, wind, temperature, and amount of moisture in the air.
Thermometer temperature
Created by: deelavette
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