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Biology Chapter 47
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Biosphere | part of the Earth in which life exists |
| biome | environment that has a characteristic climax community |
| biogeochemical cycle | series of physical and biological processes by which nutrients move through the bio sphere |
| carbon cycle | movement of carbon between organic compounds that make up living tissues and carbon dioxide in the air |
| climax community | relatively stable collection of plants and animals that results from ecological succession |
| consumer | organism that gets its energy either directly or indirectly from producers |
| decomposer | organism that breaks down and obtains energy from dead organic material |
| desert | biome that receives less than 25 centimeters of rainfall a year |
| denitrification | process in which bacteria in the soil break down nitrogen compounds into free nitrogen |
| ecosystem | division of the biosphere consisting of all the biotic and abiotic factors that surround organ isms and affect their way of life |
| ecological succession | process through which an existing community is gradually replaced by another community |
| ecology | study of the interactions of organisms with one another and with their physical surroundings |
| ecological pyramid | diagram used to represent the energy relationships among trophic levels of an ecosystem |
| estuary | area between fresh water and salt water |
| food web | complex relationship formed by interconnecting and overlapping food chains |
| food chain | series of organisms through which food energy is passed in an ecosystem |
| freshwater biome | rivers, streams, and lakes that provide drinking water and food |
| grassland | biome consisting of a vast area covered with grasses and small leafy plants |
| limiting factor | condition that limits the rate at which energy is produced in an ecosystem by preventing a species from growing to its potential |
| marine biome | ocean habitat |
| nitrogen cycle | movement of nitrogen through the bio sphere between organisms and the atmosphere |
| nitrogen fixation | process by which nitrogen in the atmosphere is converted into a form that can be used by living things |
| oxygen cycle | movement of oxygen through the environment |
| producer | organism that is able to make its own food from inorganic substances |
| taiga | biome dominated by great coniferous forests |
| temperate deciduous forest | biome characterized by changing seasons and leaf fall |
| tropical rain forest | biome in which the temperature stays warm and rain falls year round |
| tundra | northernmost land biome covered by mosses, lichens, and grasses and characterized by perma-frost |
| water cycle | movement of water from the atmosphere to the Earth and back to the atmosphere |
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