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photosynthesis

flash cards bases on ocr learning outcomes

QuestionAnswer
how would you define photosynthesis? using light energy to produce complex organic molecules from inorganic substances.
In photosynthesis, light energy is transformed in to which energy? chemical potential energy
what is a heterotroph? organisms that require an intake of complex organic molecules, which they digest into simple soluble molecules
nitrifying bacteria are examples of what type of nutrition? chemoautotrophy
which 3 kingdoms contain examples of photoautotrophs? plants, protoctists, prokaryotes
which products of photosynthesis are required for respiration of living organisms? glucose and oxygen
What are the main stages of photosynthesis called? light dependent and light independent.
which membrane of a chloroplast is less permeable inner
the inner chloroplast membrane is folded into? lamellae
name the fluid filled matrix of a chloroplast stroma
how does the structure of grana provide adaptation for photosynthesis? larges S.A for photosynthetic pigments, electron carriers and ATP synthase
what is a photosystem? a funnel shaped light-harvesting cluster of photosynthetic pigments
define a photosynthetic pigment substance which absorbs certain wavelengths of light and reflects others
chlorophyll contains a porphyrin group containing which mineral? magnesium
the primary pigment reaction centre of photosystem I has a peak absorption of what wavelength? 700nm
what colour is chlorophyll b? blue-green
what is the value of accessory pigment? to absorb wavelengths of light that are not absorbed well by chlorophylls and pass the energy to the chlorophyll a in reaction centre
name an accessory pigment carotene / xanthophyll
where does the light dependent stage of photosynthesis occur? on the thylakoid membranes
what is photolysis? splitting of water in to protons, electrons and oxygen in the presence of light
what is the final electron acceptor of the light dependent stage? NADP
photons excite pairs of electrons which are passed along a series proteins containing iron atoms, embedded in thylakoid membranes. what are these proteins known as? electron carriers
in photophosphorylation, energy released by the ETC is used to pump protons where? into thylakoid space
the flow of protons down a concentration gradient through stalked particles is known as what process? chemiosmosis
which photosystem is only used in cyclic photophosphorylation? PSI
give 2 roles of water in photosynthesis source of electrons to replace those lost in PSII / source of hydrogen ions / source of oxygen for respiration / provides turgidity so that chloroplasts pushed to edge of cell to trap more sunlight
how are the electrons in PSI replaced after they have passed them to electron carriers? from oxidised PSII
define the light independent stage of photosynthesis fixing of carbon dioxide and production of complex organic molecules
where does the light independent stage occur? in the stroma of the chloroplasts
Name the carbon dioxide acceptor in the light independent stage RuBP
name the two 3C products of RuBP carboxylation glycerate-3-phosphate / GP
In the calvin cycle, GP is reduced to which compound? triose phosphate / TP
In the calvin cycle, most TP is recycled in to which substance? ribulose bisphosphate / RuBP
Name the source of ATP used as energy for stages in the light independent stage light dependent stage
which metabolites of the calvin cycle are used to make carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids? TP and GP
the disaccharide sucrose is a combination of which monosaccharides? glucose and fructose
Created by: angela.mak
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