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shepherdcells
Chapter 2 sections 1and 2 flascards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the smallest unit that can perform all life processes | cell |
| anthing that causes a reaction or change in an organism or any part of an organism | stimulus |
| the maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing enviroment | homeostasis |
| reproduction i which sex cells from two different parent unite | sexual reproduction |
| reproduction that does not involovethe union of sex cells | asexual reproduction |
| the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring | heredity |
| the sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism | metabolism |
| an organism that can make its own food by using energy from its surroundings | producer |
| an organismm that eats other organisms or organic matter | consumer |
| an organism that gets energy by breaking down the remains of dead organisms or animal wastes and consuming and absorbing the nutrients | decomposer |
| a molecule that is made up of amino acids and that is needed to build and repair body structures and to regulate processes on the body | protein |
| a class of energy that gives nutrients | csrbohydrate |
| a type of biochemical that does not disolve in water | lipid |
| a lipid that contains phosphorous and that is a structural componet in cell membranes | phospholipid |
| Adenosine TriPhosphere, a molecule that acts as the main energy source for cell processes | ATP |
| a molecule made up of subunits called nucleotides | Nucleic Acid |
| what are the four basic needs of every organism | water, air, a place to live, and food |
| what percent of most living things are made of water | 70% |
| How long can humans survive without water | three days |
| air is a mixture of gases, including oxygen and...... | carbon dioxide |
| what is a chemical process in which most living things use oxygen | releasing energy from food |
| green organisms convert the energy in sunlight to the energy stored in food during what process | photosynthesis |
| what are two things food gives organisms | energy, and raw materials needed to carry on life processes |
| eats other living organisms or organic matter | composer |
| a mushroom is a an example of this | decomposer |
| uses energy from the sun or the chemicals in the environment to make food | producer |
| what are nutrients made up of | molecules |
| what are molecules made of differnt kinds of atoms | compounds |
| what are the five chemical building blocks of cells | Proteins, Carbohydrates, Lipids, ATP, and Nucleic Acids |
| compounds that make up proteins | amino acids |
| proteins that speed up chemical reations | a protein found in red blood cells that attaches to oxygen |
| a nutrient involved in almost all life processes | protein |
| lipids mix with water, TRUE OR FALSE | FALSE |
| molecules that form much of the cell membrane | Phospholipids |
| what is the difference between fats and oils | at room temperature most oils are liquid and most fats are solid |
| what is the major-carrying molecule in the cell | ATP |
| what are molecules consisting of subunits called nucleotides | Nucleic Acids |
| what are all living things composed of | cells |
| what covers a cell | cell membrane |
| what does a cell contain | DNA and cytoplasm |
| in an organism containing many cells, how is the work of the cell performed | different kinds of cellls perform specialized functions |
| what are three examples of stimuli | chemicals. gravity, and light |
| what kind of reproduction do most single-celled organisms reproduce through | asexual reproduction |
| what kind of reproduction do most animals and plants reproduce through | sexual reproduction |
| what does DNA do | DNA controls the structure and function of cells |
| what do organisms pass on to their offspring | copies of their DNA |
Created by:
ashepherd8
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