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DiDonato midterm
midterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cell | smallest unit that can perform all life proceses |
| stimulus | anything that causes reaction or change in organism |
| homeostasis | maintanenece of consistant enternal state |
| sexual reproduction | reproduction with sex cells from 2 parents and traits from both passed on |
| assexual reproductuon | 1 parent with no sex cells producing identical offspring |
| heredity | passing of genetic traits form parents to offspring |
| metabolism | sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism |
| producer | organism that can make its own food |
| consumer | organism that eats other organisms or organic matter |
| decomposer | gets energy by breaking down dead organisms or waste and obsorbing nutrients |
| protein | molecule made uyp of amino acids and needed to build and repair body structures and regulate processes in the body |
| carbohydrate | class of energy giving nutrients include sugars, starches, fiber and contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| lipid | biochemical, doesnt dissolve in water |
| phospholipid | contains phosphorus; structural component in cell membranes |
| ATP | molecule acts as main energy source for cell processes |
| nucleic acid | molecule made up of subunits called nucleotides |
| what are the 6 characteristics of living | 1:made of cells, 2: sense respond to change, 3: they reproduce, 4: they have DNA, 5: they use energy 6: they grow and develop |
| what are the 4 needs of every organism | food, water, air, shelter |
| about how long can humans survive without water | about 3 days |
| air is a mixture of gases including | oxygen and carbon dioxide |
| what is a chemical process when most living things use oxygen | releasing energy from food |
| plants need carbon dioxide and | oxygen |
| how do plants convert sunlight into energy | photosynthesis |
| how does the limited amount of space on earth affect organisms | make organisms compete for what they need |
| what are 2 things food gives organisms | energy and raw materials needs to carry on life processes |
| what are 2 ways organisms use nutrients from food | replace cells and build body parts |
| what eats living organisms or organic matter | consumers |
| what group are plants in | producers |
| what are compounds made up of proteins | amino acids |
| what are proteins that speed up chemical reactions | enzymes |
| a nutrient involved in almost all ife processes | protein |
| how do cells use carbohydrates | as a source of energy and energy storage |
| what do plants use to make glucose? | photosenthysis |
| how do animals break down food using oxygren | cellular respiration |
| the process in which particles move through a membrane from a low to high concentration | active transport |
| what cells form a cell plate in the cell cycle | plant cell |
| why is osmosis important to cells | cells are filled with fluid thats mostly water |
| when water diffuses ina nd out of cells it is called | osmosis |
| fermentation occurs when a cell cant get | oxygen |
| when does a recessive trait show up | in the second generation |
| when a plant is able to self pollinate | when a plant has both male and female reproductive system |
| materials have to pass through what to get in and out of an organisms cell | cell membrane |
| when a human feels hungry its becasue they need | energy |
| what type of cell contains more DNA | eukaryotic cells |
| what is the ratio for dominant to recessive traits | 3 to 1 |
| 2 forms of a gene, 1 from each parent, are called | alleles |
| what are punnent squares used for | to organize possible offspring combination |
| what is a plant with either 2 recessive or 2 dominant traits | homozygous |
| what is genetic makeup formed from both inherited alleles together | genotype |
| what is the process of chromosome separation | mitosis |
Created by:
robdido
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