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Joey Machado notes
Mrs. Hackers study stacks project
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cell | the smallest unit that can perform all the life processes; cells are covered by a membrane and have DNA and cytoplasm |
| stimulus | anything that causes a reaction or change in an organism or any part of an organism |
| homeostasis | the maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment |
| sexual reproduction | reproduction in which sex cells from two parents unite, producing offspring that share from both parents |
| asexual reproduction | reproduction that does not involve the union of sex cells and in which one parent produces offspring identical to itself |
| heredity | the passing of genetic traits from parent to parent |
| metabolism | the sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism |
| producer | an organism that can make its own food by using energy from its surroundings |
| consumer | an organism that eats other organisms or organic matter |
| decomposer | an organism that gets energy by breaking down the remains of dead organisms or animal wastes and consuming or absorbing the nutrients |
| protein | a molecule that is made up of amino acids and that is needed to build and repair body structures and to regulate processes in the body |
| carbohydrates | a class of energy giving nutrients that includes sugars, starches, and fiber; contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| lipid | a type of biochemical that does not dissolve in water; fats and steroids are lipids |
| phospholipid | a lipid that contains phosphorus and that is a structural component in cell membranes |
| ATP | adenosine triphosphate, a molecule that acts as the main energy source for cell processes |
| nucleic acid | a molecule made up of subunits called nucleotides |
| sunlight can be a... | stimulus |
| living things are made up of what? | cells |
| What are the characteristics of living things? | Cells, sense and respond, living things reproduce, living things have DNA, living things have energy, and living things grow and develop |
| How do you respond to some stimuli in your environment? | when it is hot outside you start to sweat or when it is cold you start to shiver |
| What does a fur coat on a bear have to do with homeostasis? | the fur coat keeps it warm and it stabilizes the internal body |
| What are the four basic needs of every organism? | water, air, food, and a place to live |
| Cells of most living things are made of approximately? | 70% water |
| Most chemical reactions involved in metabolism require? | water |
| About how long can humans survive without water | three days |
| Air is a mixture of gases, including oxygen and? | carbon dioxide |
| What is a chemical process in which most living things use oxygen? | releasing energy from food |
| Green organisms convert the energy in sunlight stored in food during? | photosynthesis |
| How does the limited amount of space on Earth affect organisms? | each animal will compete for something |
| What are two things food gives organisms? | food fives energy and raw materials needed to carry on life processes |
| What are two ways organsims use nutrients from food? | orangisms use the nutrients to replace cells and build body parts |
| eats other living organims | compser |
| gets energy by breaking down nutrients in dead organisms or animal wastes | decompser |
| uses energy from the sun or the chemicals in the environment to make food | producer |
| What do all organisms do to food in order to use the nutrients in it? | need to break it down |
| Name the five chemical building blocks of cells | protein, carbohydrates, lipids, ATP, and nucleic acids |
| Energy-giving nutrients such as sugars, starches, and fiber are called? | carbohydrates |
| How do cells use carbohydrates? | they use them as a source of energy and for energy storage |
| Where can a organism get energy once it has used up most of its carbohydrates? | they use energy from fats and oils after the carbohydrates are used up |
Created by:
joemac
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