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ch3bio
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| all organisms are made of cells, all existing cells are produced by other living things, and the cell is the most basic unit of life | cell theory |
| jellylike substance that contains dissolved molecular building blocks such as proteins, nucleic acids, minerals, and ions | cytoplasm |
| structure inside a cell that distinct processes within the cell, most are surrounded by membrane, largest in cell is usually the nucleus | organelles |
| cells that do not have a nucleus or other mambrane-bound organelles, DNA is suspended inm cytoplasm, most are microscopic single-celled orgamisms | prokaryotic cells |
| cells that have a nucleas and other membrane-bound organelles, usues nucleus for info, may be multi-cellular or single celled | eukaryotic cellsq |
| network of proteins that is constantly changing to meet the needs of a cell, covers a eukaryotic cell, and is made of small protein subunits that form fibers | cytoskeleton |
| storehouse for most of the genetic info, or DNA in the cells, its major 2 demands are: DNA must be protected and accessible at all times | nucleus |
| interconnected network of thin folded membranes, membranse for a maze called the lumen, performs production of protein and lipids | endoplasmic recticulum |
| tiny organelles that link amino acids together to form proteins, site of protein synthesis, made of protein and RNA pass through pores of the cytoplasm | ribosome |
| closley layered stacks of membrane-enclosed spaces that process, sort, and deliver proteins, membranes containenzymes that make additional changed to proteins and packaages proteins | golgi apparatus |
| general name used to descride small membrane-bound sacs that divid some materials from the rest transports the material from place to place in the cell | vesicle |
| supplies energy to the cell, bean shaped, has 2 membranes, converts molecules for food into energy | mitochondria |
| fluid-filled sac used fof the storage of water, food molecules, inorganic ionsm,and enzymes needed by a cell, is small in animal cells, but takes up one cell in a plant | vacuole |
| membrane-bound organelles that contain enzymes, defend a cll from bacteria and viruses, break down damaged cell parts, and numberous in animal cells | lysome |
| : 2 are in the centrosome, cylinder-shaped organelles, made of short microtubes arranged in a circle, and 2 are perpendicular in the cell | centrole |
| rigid layer that surrounds and gives protection, support, and shape to the cell, multi can adhere to each other | Cell wall |
| organelles that carry out photosynthesis | chloroplast |
| forms a boundary between a cell and the outside environment and controls the passage of materials into and out of a cell, consist of a double layer of phospholipids with other molecules | cell membrane |
| molecule composed of: charged phosphate group, glycerol, and 2 fatty acids | phospholipid |
| scientist-created model that describes the agreement of the molecules that make up a cell membrane, in this model: the membrane is flexible and phospholipids are able to move/slide | fluid-mosaic model |
| property of a cell membrane that allows some, but not all materials through enables a cell to maintain homeostasis in spite of changing conditions in the cell | selective permeablity |
| protein that detects a signal molecule and bind to a certain molecules called ligand | receptor |
| movement of molecules across a cell membrane without energy input from the cell, may as be the diffusion of molecules across a membrane | passive transport |
| movement of molecules in a fluid or gas from a region of high concentration to a region of lower concentration and results from motion of particles | diffusion |
| difference in concentration of a substance from one location to another | concentration gradient |
| process in which water molecules move across a semipermeable membrane from and area of higher water concentration to a lower one | osmosis |
| solution that has the same concentration of dissolved particles as a cell | isotonic |
| solution that has a higher concentration of dissolved particles than a cell | hypertonic |
| solution with a lower concentration of dissolved particles than a cell | hypotonic |
| diffusion of molecules across a membrane through transport proteins and makes it easier for a molecule to enter/exit a cell | facilitated diffusion |
| energy that drives molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a higher one, process uses transport proteins powered by chemical energy | active transport |
| process of taking liquids or fairly large molecules into a cell be engulfing them in a membrane, pocket is made for substance to slip through | endocytosis |
| type of endocytosis in which the cell membrane engulfs large particles | phagocytosis |
| the opposite of endocytosis, releases substances out of cell by the fusion of a vesicle with a membrane , vesicle is formed around particles in cell and is let go | exocytosis |
Created by:
HanKaiLam
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