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Haddad It's Alive!
Chapter 2 sections 1 & 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cell | the smallest unit that can perform all life processes; covered by membrane and have DNA and cytoplasm |
| Stimulus | anything that can cause a reaction or change in an organism or any part of the organism |
| homeostasis | the maintenance of keeping constant internal state in a changing environment |
| sexual reproduction | reproduction in which the sex cells from two parents unite, producing offspring that share traits from both parents |
| asexual reproduction | reproduction that does not involve the union of sex cells and in which one parent produces offspring identical to itself |
| heredity | the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring |
| metabolism | the sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism |
| producer | an organism that can make its own food by using energy from its surroundings |
| consumer | an organism that eats other organisms or organic matter |
| decomposer | an organism that gets energy by breaking down the remains of dead organisms or animal wastes and consuming and absorbing the nutrients |
| proteins | a molecule that is made up of amino acids and that is needed to build and repair body structures and to regulate processes in the body |
| carbohydrate | a class of energy giving nutrients that include sugars, starches, and fiber; contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| lipid | a type of biochemical that does not dissolve in water; fats and steroids are lipids |
| phospholipid | a lipid that contains phosphorus and that is structural component in cell membranes |
| ATP | adenosine triphosphate, a molecule that acts as the main energy source fro cell processes |
| nucleic acid | a molecule made up of subunits called nucleotides |
| What do all living organisms have in common? | They have cells, they sense and respond to change, reproduce, have DNA, use energy, and grow and develop. |
| If a organism has one cell different parts of the cell have a job, so what do the cells of organisms do with trillions of cells? | Different cells would have different specialized jobs they would have to do. |
| What happens when your eyes are exposed to light? | Because of the stimulus they become smaller. |
| What can be a stimulus? | Anything that causes an organism to respond.(light, chemicals, gravity, hunger) |
| Why must an organism's internal conditions be stable? | Chemical reactions that keep an organism alive can only take place if the conditions are exactly right |
| what does DNA do? | controls the function and structure of cells. |
| Parents _____________ to their offspring. | pass on copies of their DNA |
| Organisms use energy to? | carry out all activities of life |
| What are the basic needs of any and every organism? | water, food, air, and a place to live |
| Your body is approximately how much water? | 70% |
| Most _____ in metabolism require____. | chemical reactions; water |
| Air is a mixture of gases. Two of these gases are______ | oxygen and carbon dioxide |
| Most living things use oxygen for? | chemical processes that release energy from food. |
| Photosynthesis is where plants get food and energy. They need the gas_______. | carbon dioxide |
| Organisms use food's nutrients to do what? | to replace cells and build body parts |
| What are the six elements in molecules that are found in living things? | carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur |
| What do those elements form? | proteins, carbs, lipids, ATP, and nucleic acids |
| Proteins are made up of smaller molecules called_____ | amino acids |
| Proteins called enzymes do what? | start and speed up chemical reactions |
| What do cells use carbs for? | as source of energy and energy storage |
| Table sugar and sugar in fruits are? | simple carbohydrates |
| Extra sugar is stored as? | complex carbohydrates |
| An example of complex carbohydrate is? | starch in a potato |
| Lipids store energy and _______. | form membranes of cells |
| The head of a phospholipid is attracted to water, the tail is or isn't? | isn't |
| The main difference between fats and oils are? | at room temp. fats are solid, and oils are liquids |
| What provides fuel cellular activities? | ATP |
| What are called the blueprints of life? | nucleic acids |
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ahaddad1090
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