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Mcfadden Ch.2 Cells
Characteristics of Living Things and Necessities of Life
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the smallest unit that can perform all life processes | cell |
| a change in that affects the activity of the organism | stimulus |
| the maintenance of a stable internal enviornment | homeostasis |
| the passing of traits from one generation to the next | heredity |
| reproduction in which the sex cells from two parents unite, producing offspring that share traits from both parents | sexual reproduction |
| reproduction that doesn't involve the union of sex cells and in which one parent produces offspring identical to itself | asexual reproduction |
| the total of all of the chemical activities that the organism performs | metabolism |
| an organism that makes its own food | producer |
| an organism that eats other organisms or organic matter | consumer |
| an organism that breaks down the remains of dead organisms or animal waste to get energy | decomposer |
| the major energy-carrying molecule in the cell | ATP |
| a molecule made of sugars | carbohydrates |
| a molecule that is sometimes called the blueprint of life | nucleic acid |
| a large molecule made up of smaller molecules called amino acids | protein |
| a molecule that forms much of the cell membrane | phospholipid |
| an energy-storing compound that can't mix with water | lipid |
| What are all living things composed of? | cells |
| What does a cell contain? | DNA |
| What do organisms pass on to their offspring? | copies of DNA |
| What happens as living things grow? | they grow and develop |
| What covers a cell? | the membrane |
| What are the six characteristics of living things? | cells, stimuli, reproduction, DNA, growth and development, energy |
| What are the four basic needs of every organism? | water, air, a place to live, food |
| What percent of your body is made up of water? | 70% |
| The air is a mixture of what two things? | oxygen and carbon dioxide |
| What do green plants, algae, and some bacteria need? | oxygen and carbon dioxide gas |
| What do organisms need in the place where they live? | the things they need to survive |
| What are two things food gives organisms? | energy and raw materials |
| What are two ways organisms use nutrients from food? | to replace cells and to build body parts |
| What are nutrients made up of? | molecules |
| What are the five chemical building blocks of cells? | proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, ATP, nucleic acids |
| How do cells use carbohydrates? | as a source of energy and energy storage |
| carbohydrates made of one sugar molecule or a few linked sugar molecules | simple carbohydrates |
| a carbohydrate made of hundreds of molecules linke together | complex carbohydrates |
| How do cells get energy from carbohydrates and lipids? | by transferring the energy to ATP |
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cmcfadden
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