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Nursing 4 Exam 1
foundations for mental health nursing
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is mental health | successful adaptation/harmony & balace in the individual, family & friends and community evidenced by thoughts, feelings & behaviors |
| to be sane (legal definition) | take responsibility for self and behavior |
| "normality" of behavior determined by... | the culture |
| what is mental illness? | a sense of disharmony w/aspects of living that are distressing t the individual, family, friends and community. evident in thoughts, feelings and behaviors |
| mental illness interferes with functioning of | social, occupational and physical |
| how can a person be committed to a hospital | if there a dangerous to themselves or others |
| DSM-IV-TR | multiaxial evaluation system |
| Axis I | all mental health disorders except those on Axis II (peronality disorders & mental retardation) |
| Axis II | personality disorders and mental retardation |
| Axis III | general medical conditions (after surgery) |
| Axis IV | psychosocial and environmental problems (divorce,flooding, 9-11) |
| Axis V | Individual's psychological, social, & occupational functioning on th global assessment of functioning (GAF) scale--level of functioning before then now ex-50/100,30/100,70/100 |
| anxiety | primary psychological response patterns to stress |
| affect of anxiety | thoughts, feelings, and behaviors-can interfere with functioning |
| psychological responses to anxiety | diffuse apprehension--vague feelings of uncertainty & hopelessness |
| 4 levels of anxiety was created by | Hildegard Pepleu (mother of anxiety) |
| 4 levels of anxiety | mild (seldom a problem), moderate-perceptual field diminishes, severe-perceptul field-so diminished, panic-the most intense state |
| psychological responses behaviorly for mild level of anxiety | use coping mechanisms to deal with stress (eating, drinking, sleeping, physical exercise, smoking, crying, laughing, talking to persons w/whom they feel comfortable) |
| denial | #1 defense mechanism |
| displacement | when your angry/upset w/someone you take it out on someone else |
| introjection | take quality of someone else and take that as your own |
| projection | feeling something but using someone else as they feel that way when they don really feel that way |
| reaction formation | act oppostie of how you feel |
| 1990 was the year of | the brain |
| moderate to severe level of anxiety has | a number of physiological disorders |
| neurobiological theory principles | brain dysfunction & behavior, genetic influences on behavior, social and developmental factors & gene expression, learning and neuron function |
| the neurobiological theory includes | genomics(genes-susceptibility), diathesis(stress model), gender, neurotransmission(concern with levels), biological rhythms |
| older theories of mental disorders were based on | intrapersonal, gender bias, crisis, behavioral, cognitive |
| Id | no inhibition, immediate gratification |
| intrapersonal theories according to Sigmund-Freud | psychoanalytic approach, organized the structure of personality into 3 components, psychosexual development(oral,anal,phallic,latency,and genital) |
| 3 components that Sigmund-Freud organized the structure of personality | id, ego, superego |
| ego | rational self |
| superego | perfection, OCD |
| Theory of psychosocial developemt according to Erikson is based on | the influence of social processes on the development of the personality |
| Erikson had how may stages of development | 8 and the major development tests |
| Eriksons stages of development | trust vs mistrust, autonomy vs shame and doubt, initiative vs guilt, industry vs inferiority, identity vs role confusion, intimacy vs isolation, gerativity vs stagnation, ego integrity |
| trust vs mistrust | birth-18 months |
| autonomy vs shame and doubt | 18 months-3 yrs |
| initiative vs guilt | 3-6 yrs |
| Theory of psychosocial developemt according to Erikson is based on | the influence of social processes on the development of the personality |
| Erikson had how may stages of development | 8 and the major development tests |
| Eriksons stages of development | trust vs mistrust, autonomy vs shame and doubt, initiative vs guilt, industry vs inferiority, identity vs role confusion, intimacy vs isolation, gerativity vs stagnation, ego integrity |
| Intimacy vs isolation | 20-30 yrs |
| trust vs mistrust | birth-18 months |
| autonomy vs shame and doubt | 18 months-3 yrs |
| initiative vs guilt | 3-6 yrs |
| ego integrity | 65 yrs-death |
| idustry vs inferiority | 6-12 yrs |
| identity vs isolation | 12-20 yrs |
| harry stack sullivan | focus:relationship |
| Intimacy vs isolation | 20-30 yrs |
| hildegard peplau | mother of psych |
| a nursing model by peplau applies | interpersonal theory to nurse-client relationship development |
| gernerativity vs stagnation | 30-65 yrs |
| ego integrity | 65 yrs-death |
| abraham maslow | physiologic or growth related needs--to be met vefore h/she can fulfill full potential |
| peplau sees interpersonal experiences as | learning experiences for nurses to facilitate forward movement/improvement of pt's personality |
| harry stack sullivan | focus:relationship |
| hildegard peplau | mother of psych |
| a nursing model by peplau applies | interpersonal theory to nurse-client relationship development |
| peplau sees interpersonal experiences as | learning experiences for nurses to facilitate forward movement/improvement of pt's personality |
| crisis theory | usual resources and coping skills are ineffective |
| four stages of personality development by peplau? | stape 1-learning to count on others, stage 2-learning to delay satisfaction, stage 3-identifiying oneself, stage 4-developing skills in participation |
| crisis theory | usual resources and coping skills are ineffective |
| balancing factors of crisis theory | perceptions, coping skills, support systems |
| behavioral theory was by | B.F. Skinner |
| behavioral theory focus' on | a person's actions |
| behavioral theory believes that behaviors are | learned & can be modified |
| behavioral theory | operant reinforcement (system of reward and punishment) |
| cognitive theory was developed by | Aaron Beck |
| cognitive theory according to Aaron Beck believes that | emotional and behavioral dysfunction is r/t cognitive distortion-can be changes |
| standards of psychiatric-mental health nursing practice | standard I-assessment, standard II-diagnosis, standard III-outcome identification, standard IV-planning, standard V-implementation, standard VI-evaluation |
| assessment | interview, observation, psychosocial assessment, neuropsychiatric assessment, physical assessment |
| Outcome Identification & planning | NANDA nursing diagnosis, Nursing Outcome Classification (NOC), planning nursing priorities |
| Implementation | Roles of the Psychiatric Nurse(acc. to Peplau) |
| Roles of the Psychiatric Nurse(acc. to Peplau) | socializing agent, teacher, model, advocate, counselor, role player, milieu manager |
| Evaluation | eval and document client progress toward outcome (formative & summative), self evaluation |
| conditions essential for developing therapeutic relationship | rapport, trust, respect, genuine, empathy |
| Pre interaction phase of nurse client relationship | obtain information, self assessment of feeling, fears, anxieties, etc. |
| Introductory/Orientation Phase of nurse client relationship | introductions, roles & purpose; establish contract for intervention, confidentiality, gather assessment, set mutually acceptable goals, diagnosis & outcomes |
| working phase of nursse client relationship | ongoing use of nursing process, therapeutic alliance/maintain trust & rapport, implementation focus-promote insight, work towards established goals, transference, coutnertransference |
| termination phase of nurse client relationship | reminiscence, eval of progress, plans for future, coping w/feelings |
Created by:
jbittner
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