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swain
SWAIN chapter 2 living things
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a changing that affects the activity of the orangism | stimulus |
| two parents untie, producing offspring that share traits from both parents | sexual reproduction |
| one parent produces offspring identical to itself | asexual reproduction |
| the passing of traits from one generation to the next | heredity |
| the total of all of the chemical activities that the organism performs | metabolism |
| the smallest unit that can perform all life processes | cell |
| the maintenance of a stable internal enviornment | homeostasis |
| an organism taht makes its own food | producer |
| an organism that eats other organisms or organic matter | consumer |
| an organism that breaks down the remains of dead organisms or animal waste to get energy | decomposer |
| the major energy-carrying molecule in the cell | atp |
| a molecule imade od sugars | carbohydrate |
| a molecule that is sometimes called the blueprint of life | nucleic acid |
| a large molecule that is made up of smaller molecules called amino acids | protein |
| a molecule that forms much of the cell membrane | phospholipid |
| an energy-storing compound that cannot mix with water | lipid |
| Sunlight can be a _____ | stimulus |
| Living things are made of ___ | cells |
| Homeostatis means maintaining.. | stable internal conditions |
| What are the 6 charateristics of living things? | all living things are made up of cells, respond the change, reproduce, use energy, have DNA, and grow and develop. |
| What are the four basic things of every organism? | water, air, a place to live, and food. |
| Cell of most living things are made of approximately ___% of water | 70% |
| Most of the chemical reactions involved in metabolism require _____ | water |
| How long can humans live without water? | 3 days |
| Air is a mixture of gases, including oxygen and ____ ______ | carbon dioxide |
| What is a chemical process in which most living things use oxygen? | releasing energy from food |
| Green organisms convert the energy in sunlight to energy stored in food during what process? | photosynthesis |
| What are the two things food gives organisms? | energy and raw materials |
| What are the two ways organisms use nutrients from food? | to replace cells and make body parts |
| eats other living organisms or organic matter | consumer |
| a mushroom is an example of a... | decomposer |
| a frog is an example of a... | comsumer |
| A ______ uses energy from the sun or chemicals in the environment to make food. | producer |
| a plant is an example of a... | producer |
| A ____ gets energy by breaking down nutrients in dead organisms or animal wastes. | decomposer |
| What do all organisms do to food in order to use the nutrients in it? | break down the food |
| Nutrients are made up of ______, a substance created when two or more atoms combine. | molecules |
| Molecules made up of different kinds of atoms are called _______ | compounds |
| Whta are the five chemical building blocks of cells? | proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, ATP, and nucleic acids |
| What are compounds that make up proteins called? | enzymes |
| What are proteins that speed up chemical reactions? | amino acids |
| What is a protein found in red blood cells that attaches to oxygen? | hemoglobin |
| What is a nutrient involved in almost all life processes? | protein |
| Energy-giving nutrients such as sugars, starches, and fiber are called _______ | carbohydrates |
| How do cells use carbohydrates? | as a source of energy and for energy storage |
| Carbohydrates made of one sugar molecule or a few linked sugar molecules are called ______ ________ | simple carbohydrates |
| What are two examples of simple carbohydrates? | table sugar and sugar in fruit |
| A carbohydrate made of hundreds of molecules linked together is called a _______ _______. | complex carbohydrates |
| The molecules that form much of the cell membrane are ________ | phospholipid |
| What are solids at room temperature? | fats |
| What are liquids at room temperature? | oils |
| Molecules consisting of subunits called nucleotides are called? | nucleic acids |
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bswain
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