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Science Stack Hacker
Chapter 2 pgs. 38 - 53 "It's Alive!! Or is it?" Mrs. Hacker Scienceec
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the term for anything that causes a reaction of change in an organism or any part of an organism? | stimulus |
| In biology, what is the smallest unit that can perform life processes; these cells are covered by the membrane and contain DNA and cytoplasm? | cell |
| What do we call the maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment? | homeostasis |
| What is reproduction that does not involve the union of sex cells and in which one parent produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent called? | asexual reproduction |
| What is the reproduction in which the sex cells from two parents unite to produce offspring that share traits from both parents called? | sexual reproduction |
| The passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring is called____. | heredity |
| An organism's ____ is the total of all the chemical activities that the organism performs. | metabolism |
| The sum of chemical processes that occur in an organism is also known as ___. | metabolism |
| What is another name of an organism that can make its own food by using energy from its surroundings? | producer |
| What is an organism that eats other organisms or organic matter? | consumer |
| An organism that gets energy by breaking down the remains of dead organisms or animal wastes and consuming or absorbing the nutrients can be called a _______. | decomposer |
| What is a molecule that is made up of amino acids and that is needed to build and repair body structures and to regulate processes in the body? | protein |
| What is a class of energy-giving nutrients that include sugar, starch, and fiber? | carbohydrate |
| ____ is a type of biochemical that does not dissolve in water; for example, flats and steroids. | Lipid |
| What is the vocabulary term for a lipid that contains phosphorus and that is a structural component in all membranes? | Phospholipid |
| What is a molecule that acts as a main energy sources for cell processes? | ATP |
| A molecule made up of subunits called "nucleotids" can be called _____. | nucleic acid |
| What are the four basic needs of every organism? | water, air, shelter, food |
| What is the approximate percent of water in most cells in living things? | 70 |
| What do most chemical reactions involved in metabolism require? | water |
| How long can humans survive without water? | 3 days |
| What is a chemical process in which most living things use oxygen? | releasing energy from food |
| Green plants, algae and some bacteria need carbon dioxide in addition to _____. | oxygen |
| During what process do green organisms convert the energy in sunlight to energy stored in food? | photosynthesis |
| What are two things food gives organisms? | energy and raw materials necessary for life |
| What are two ways organisms use nutrients from food? | replace cells and grow body parts |
| What organism eats other organisms or organic matter; for example,a frog? | a consumer |
| What organism uses energy from the sun or the chemicals in the environment to make food; for example, a plant? | a producer |
| What organism gets energy by breaking down nutrients in dead organisms or animal wastes; for example, a mushroom? | a decomposer |
| What must all organisms do to food in order to use the nutrients in it? | break it down |
| Nutrients are made up of a ____. | molecule |
| Molecules made up of different kinds of atoms are called ______. | compounds |
| What are the five chemical building blocks of cells? | proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, ATP, nucleic acids |
| What are the compounds that make up proteins called? | amino acids |
| What are proteins that speed up chemical reactions? | enzymes |
| What is a protein found in red blood cells that attaches to the oxygen? | hemoglobin |
| A nutrient involved in almost all life processes is called a ____. | protein |
| How do cells use carbohydrates? | as a source of energy and energy storage |
| A carbohydrate made of hundreds of molecules linked together are called ____. | complex carbohydrates |
| Carbohydrates that are made of one sugar molecule is called a _____. | simple carbohydrate |
| True/False - Lipids mix with water. | false |
| True/False - Lipids store energy. | true |
| True/False - Lipids make up cell membranes. | true |
| Where can an organism get energy once it has used up most of its carbohydrates? | fats and oils |
| True/False - Most lipids stored in plants are oils. | true |
| Most lipid stored in animals are ___. | fats |
| The major energy-carrying molecule in the cell is _________________. (THIS QUESTION IS IMPORTANT... HINT HINT) | adenosine triphosphate |
| (FILL IN THE BLANK) The energy in carbohydrates and lipids are transferred to ___, which provides fuel for cellular acctivities. | ATP |
| All living things are composed of one or more ____. | cells |
| What covers a cell? | cell membrane |
| What do cells contain? | DNA, cytoplasm |
| when an organism's outside environment changes, through what process does the organism maintain a stable internal state? | homeostasis |
| Why must an organism maintain stable internal conditions? | to survive |
| Most single-celled organisms reproduce through ___________ reproduction. | asexual |
| Most animals and plants reproduce through __________ reproduction. | sexual |
| What do organisms pass on to their offspring? | copies of their DNA |
| The passing of traits from parents to offspring is called __________. | heredity |
| Sunlight can be a _____. | stimulus |
| Living things are made up of ___. | cells |
| Homeostasis means maintaining ________. | stable internal conditions |
| What are the six characteristics of living things? | living things have cells, sense and respond to change, reproduce, have DNA, use energy, grow and develop |
Created by:
samfino
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