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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ecology | is the scientific study of interactions amon organisms and theri environment, or surroundings |
| bioshpere | contains the combined portions of the planet in which all of life exists, including land, water, and air, or atmosphere |
| species | a group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring |
| population | groups of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area |
| community | asseblages of different poopulations that live together in a defined area |
| ecosystem | a collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place, together with there nonliving, or physical, environment |
| autotroph | can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use that energy to produce food |
| heterotroph | rely on other organisms for their energy source and food supply |
| food web | feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem form a network of complex interactions, ecologists |
| trohpic lever | a step in a food chain or food web |
| biomass | the total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level |
| biogeochemical cycles | elements, chemical compunds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to the another and from one part of the biosphere to another |
| limiting nutrient | when and ecosystem is limited by a single nutrient that is scarce or cycles very slowly |
| weather | the day to day condition of eath's atmosphere at a particular time and place |
| climate | refers to the average, year after year condidition of temperature and precicipitation |
| green house effect | natural situation in the which heat is reatained by this layer of greehouse gases |
| biotic factor | biological influences on organisms within and ecosystem |
| abiotic factor | physical, or nonliving, factors that shape ecosystems |
| niche | is the full range of kphysical and biological conditions in whihc an organism lives and the way in which the organism uses those conditions |
| logistic growth | occurs when a poopulation;s growth slows or stops following a period of exponential growth |
| carryin capacity | how much things an evironment can carry or hold |
| demography | the scientific study of human populations |
| demographic transition | dramatic change in birth and death rates |
| green revolution | modern agricultural techniques were introducedc, such as monoculture and use t of checmical fertilizers |
| renewable resource | can regenerate if they arealive or can be replenished bychemical cycles if they are nonliving |
| pollutant | a harmful material that can enter the biosphere through land air or water |
| biodiversity | is the sum total of the genetically based variety of all organisms in the biosphere |
| biological magnification | concentrations of a harmful substance increase in organisms at higher trophic levels in a food chain or food web |