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ecology chapters 3-6
bio unit 2 flash cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Ecology? | The scientific study of interactions among organisms and their environment, or surroundings. |
| What does the biosphere contain? Where does it extend to? | It contains the combined portions of the planet in which all life exists including life,water and air, or the atmosphere. |
| Species- | A group of organisms so familiar to one another that they can produce fertile offspring. |
| Population- | Groups of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area. |
| Community - | Assemblages of different populations that live together in a defined area. |
| Ecosystem- | A collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place togther with their nonliving, or physical, environment. |
| Biome- | A group of ecosystems that have the same climate and similar dominant communities. |
| What three basic approaches do scientists use to conduct ecological research? | Observing, Experimenting, and Modeling. |
| Autotroph- | Organisms that tht capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use that energy to produce food. |
| Producers- | Auotrophs |
| Heterotroph- | An organism that obtains energy from the foods it consumes; also called a consumer |
| Food Web- | A network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationsips among various organismsin an ecosystem |
| Trophic Level- | Step in a food chain or food web |
| Biomass- | Total amount of living tissuewithin a given trophic level |
| Biogeochemical cycle- | A process in which elements, chemical compuonds, and other forms of of matter are passed from one organism to another from one part of the biosphere to another |
| Limiting Nutrient- | A single nutrient that is either scarce or cycles very slowly, limiting the growth of organisms in an ecosystem. |
| Weather- | The condition Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place. |
| Climate- | The average year-after-year conditions of a temperature and precipitation in a particular region. |
| Green House Effect- | Natural situation in which heat is retained in the earth's atmosphere by carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor, and other gases. |
| Biotic Factor- | Biological influence on organisms within an ecosystem. |
| Abiotic Factor- | Physical, or nonliving, fator that shapes and ecosystem. |
| Niche- | A full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and the way in which an organisms uses those conditions. |
| Logistic Growth- | The growth pattern in which a population's growth rate slows or stops following a period of exponential growth |
| Carrying Capacity- | The largest number of individuals of a population that a given environment can support |
| Demography- | The scientific study of human populations |
| Demographic Transition- | Changes in a population from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates |
| Green Revolution- | The development of highly productive crop strains and the use of modern agricultural techniques to increase yields of food crops |
| Renewable Resource- | A resource that can regenerate quickly and that is replaceable |
| Pollutant- | Harmful material that can enter the biosphere through the land, air, or water. |
| Biodiversity- | Biological Diversity; the sum total of the variety of organisms in the biosphere. |
| Biological Magnification- | An increasing concentration of a harmful substance in organisms at higher trophic levels in a food chain or food web. |
Created by:
acurrim
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