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chapter 3 flashcards
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ecology | The scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment, or surroundings. |
| Biosphere | Contains the combined portions of the planet in which all of life exists, including land, water, and air, or atmosphere. |
| Species | A group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring. |
| Population | Groups of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area. |
| Community | Assemblages of different populations that live together in a defined area. |
| Ecosystem | Collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place, together with their nonliving, or physical, environment. |
| Autotroph | animals that make their own food. |
| Heterotroph | animals that rely on other organisms for food. |
| Food web | Relationsships among various organisms in an ecosystem. |
| Trophic level | Each step in a food chain. |
| Biomass | total ammout of living tissue in a trophic level. |
| Biogeochemical cycle | process in which matter is passed for one organism to antoher and from one part of the biosphere to antoher. |
| Limiting nutrient | When an ecosystem is limited by a single nutrient that is scarce or cycles very slowly. |
| Weather | The day to day condition of Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place. |
| Climate | The average year to year conditions of temperature and precipitation in a particular region. |
| Green house effect | The natural situation in which heat is retained by this layer of greenhouse gases. |
| Biotic factor | The biological influences of organisms within an ecosytem. |
| Abiotic factor | Physical, or nonliving, factors that shape ecosystems. |
| Niche | The way in which the organism uses those conditions. |
| Logistic growth | Occurs when a population's growth slows or stops following a period of exponential growth. |
| Carrying capacity | Largest number of individuals of a population that a given environment can support. |
| Demography | The scientific study of human populations. |
| Demographic transition | A dramatic change in birth and death rates. |
| Green revolution | The development of highly productive crop strains and the use of modern agricultural techniques to increase yields of food crops. |
| Renewable resource | They can regenerate if they are alive or can be replenished by biochemical cycles if they are nonliving. |
| Pollutant | A harmful material that can enter the biosphere through the land, air, or water. |
| Biodiversity | The sum total of the genetically based variety of all organisms in the biosphere. |
| Biological magnification | process in which harmful substances increase in a food chain or food web. |
Created by:
Skrimish10
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