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respiratory studysta
assorted respiratory study questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| type of breathing taught to copd and asthma patients, as well as any pt with difficulty breathing, that instructs to exhale thru tight lips with slow exhalation | purse lipped breathing |
| regular, rapid, deep respirations. found in metabolic acidosis | kussmaul respirations |
| what effect does kussmaul's respirations have on metabolic acidosis? | increased co2 excretion |
| inward, rather than the normal outward, movement of the abdomen during inspiration | abdominal paradox |
| nonspecific indicaotr of change in position of mediastinal structures, can be caused by pneumothorax | tracheal deviation |
| in the case of a pheumothorax, the trachea will often deviate to the (same/opposite) side of the affected lung | opposite |
| fremitus (increases/decreases) in cases of increased lung density, such as pneumonia, tumor, pulmonary edema | increases |
| fremitus (increases/decreases) in cases of hyperinflation, pleural effusion | decreases |
| in cases of pneumorthorax or atelectasis, fremitus will be (increased/decreased/absent) | absent |
| loud lower pitched sound over areas of the lung that normally produce a resonant sound | hyperresonance |
| hyperresonance will often be heard in patients with ___________ | lung hyperinflation (copd), collapse(pneumothorax), air trapping (asthma) |
| medium pitched sound over areas that normally produce a resonant sound | dullness |
| dullness will be heard in cases of _______ | increased density, such as pneumonia. or increased fluid in pleural space, pleural effusion |
| high pitched sounds heard just before the end of inspiration.result of rapid equalization of gas pressure when collapsed alveoli or terminal bronchioles suddenly snap open. similar sound to that made by rolling hair between fingers just behind ear | fine crackles |
| low pitch sounds made by air passing thru airway partly occluded by mucus..evedent on inspiration & sometimes on exhalation.sounds like blowing bubbles thru a straw | coarse crackles |
| continuous rumbling, snoring, or rattling sounds from obstruction of large airways with secretions. heard most on exhale. | rhonchi |
| high pitched squeaking, musical sound. caused by rapid vibr. of bronchial wall. 1st heard on inspiration, but can progress to expiratory as the obstruction increases. can be heard w/o stethoscope at times | wheezing |
| contiunous musical or crowing sound of constant pitch, result of partial obstruction or larynx or trachea | stridor |
| croup, epiglottitis, vocal cord edema, foreign body..these patients will often have ____ as a lung sound | stridor |
| creaking or grating sound from rough, inflamed lung surfaces rubbing. heard during inspiration and expiration. unaffected by cough. sometimes painful | pleural friction rub |
| spoken or whispered syllable more distinct than normal on auscultation | bronchophony, whispered pectoriloquy |
| spoken "e" similar to "a" on auscultation because of altered transmission of voice sounds | egophony |
| a pt with: barrel chest, cyanosis, tripod position, use of accessory muscles, hyperresonant or dull percussion, crackles, rhonchi, wheezes, distant breath sounds | copd |
| prolonged expiration, tripod position, pursed lips, wheezes, decreased breath sounds- describes a ___pt | asthmatic |
| tachypnea, use of accessory muscles, duskiness or cyanotic, fremitus over affected area, dull percussion, crackles, rhonchi, egophoney, whispered pectoriloquy- describes a _____ patient | pneumonia |
| tachypnea, labored resp's, cyanosis, decreases or normal chest movement, rine or coarse crackles at bases moving up as cond'n worsens-describes a ______ pt | pulmonary edema |
| a pt with tachypnea, decreased chest movement, normal percussion, crackles or velcro sounds- most likely has ______ as a dx | pulmonary fibrosis |
| a pet scan is used to detect malignant cells, by giving a iv radioactive______ solution. | glucose |
| malignant lung tumors have an increased uptake of ______ | glucose |
| after pet the nurse needs to encourage_________ | fluids to excrete radioactive substance |
| in a ______contrast medium is injected thru a catheter threaded into pulmonary artery or right side of the heart. a series of xrays are taken after the medium is injected into the artery. this is used to r/o embolus, tumors or obstruction | pulmonary angiogram |
| after a pulmonary angiogram, the nurse should | watch the dressing site, monitor vs, report significant changes |
| pre-bronchoscopy, the nurse's duties include___ | keeping pt npo for 6-12 hrs, giving sedative if ordered, making sure the signed consent is on the chart. |
| after bronchoscopy, the nurses primary duties are | keep npo til the gag reflex returns, monitor for laryngeal edema. if bx was done watch for hemmorrhage and pneumothorax |
| TTNA is a type of ________ | lung bx |
| VATS is a type of_______ | lung bx |
| after ttna, the nurse should check breath sounds ________ hrs for ____hrs | q4hrs for 24hrs |
| a ________ is often in place following a VATS | chest tube |
| a___________is always done following a thoracenesis | cxr |
| used to obatain specimen of pleural fluid for dx, to remove fluid, or instill medication | thoracentesis |
| proper position for patient during thoracentesis | upright with elbows on overbed table, with feet supported. no talking or coughing |
| pft's should not be scheduled when? | immediately after meals |
| pt's going for pft's should not take bronchodilators for ___hrs prior to test | 6 |
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