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GRCC Bi 121 Lab 1.2
GRCC BI 121 - Cell structure & mitosis Lab test 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nucleus | Contains nucleolus and chromatin |
| Chromatin | Loosely coiled fibers of DNA molecules that are wrapped around proteins (histones)to form a beaded strand |
| Chromosome | Chromatin material that is organized and compacted to form this rodlike structure. |
| chromatin | colored substance |
| chromosome | colored body |
| When are Chromosomes formed? | When cell division begins. |
| Cell | Structual & functional units of an organism |
| Basic living unit of an organization | Cell |
| Cell theory | All organisms are composed of one or more cells |
| Cells arise from pre-existing cells | Cell theory |
| Cell Membrane | Lipid Bi-layer that is the boundary between the external and internal environment and controls what goes in and out. |
| Selective permeable membrane | Cell membrane that controls what goes in and out of the cell. |
| Cell membrane composed of | Lipid bi-layer, proteins and some carbohydrates. |
| Cytoplasm | Jelly like substance that suspends the organelles |
| Nucleoli | Parts/structure of RNA; plural for nucleolus |
| Microvilli | Protrusions outside of cell membrane that help with absorption and secretion. |
| Cilia | Hair like structure beneath cell membrane and propel and move things along |
| Flagellum | Is usually single strand, think sperm that helps cell move and propel. |
| Organelle | Little organs, where each unit specializes to help a cell function. |
| ribosome | provide structural support and ezymatic activity that links amino acids (protein synthesis), located on rough ER |
| Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum | Located outside of nucleus and throughout cytoplasm with ribosomes attached. |
| Tubular transport system for molecules throughout the cell | endoplasmic retitculum |
| Smooth endoplasmic reticulum | absorbs fats from the digestive tract and are added to the protein that came from the rough ER |
| Golgi appartus | manufacture warehouse; recieves protein and other materials from ER, packages and transports to organelles or to cell membrane. |
| Lysosome | Garbage disposal: degradation, recycle of materials, removal of bacteria and worn cells |
| Peroxisome | Catalyze reactions & removes hydrogen peroxide. |
| Mitochondria | Extracts energy from CHO and forms ATP; powerhouse of the cell. |
| centriole | tube like structures (microtubules)that form centrosome; during cell division, each tube migrates to either side of cell forming spindle fibers. |
| Microtubules | Forms ctyoskeleton and is where organelles & chromosomes are anchored; helps move substances |
| Forms ctyoskeleton and is where organelles & chromosomes are anchored; helps move substances | Microfilament |