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Micro Quiz 1 terms
Enzyme Info
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| chromogen | colored molecule portion of a stain |
| chromophore | the portion of the chromogen that gives it color |
| auxochrome | the charged portion of a chromogen that allows it to act |
| Basic Stains | sttracted to the negative charges on the surface of most bacterial cells. |
| heat-fixed | kills bacteria, makes them adhere to the slide, and coagulates cytoplasmic proteins to make them more visible |
| Gram stain | differential stain in which decolorization step occurs between the application of two basic stains. |
| primary stain | crystal violet |
| moderant | iodine added to enhance crystal violet staining by forming a crystal violet-iodine complex |
| counterstain | safranin - for positive ions in sample |
| anabolism | synthetic reax that convert small mol to larger mol |
| catabolism | large mol degraded into smaller |
| catalysts / enzymes | speed up reax by lowering activation threshold |
| energy of activation | amt of energy needed to illicit a cellular response |
| substrate | receptor site upon which enzyme acts |
| apoenzyme | protein component of conjugated enzyme |
| cofactors | activators of conjugated enzyme |
| active / catalytic site | special pocket in which substrate attachment occurs |
| substrate-specific | enzymes will only act on corresponding types of substrates |
| NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) | metallic cofactors coenzyme are transger agents that pass funtional groups from one substrate to another |
| coenzymes usually contain ___ | vitamins |
| Redox Reactions | transfer electrons and protons (H+) from one substrate to another |
| labile | sensitivity of an enzyment to become unstable |
| denaturation | the unfolding of an enzyme, thus rendering it inactive and leads to cell lyse |
| competitive inhibition | sub that resembles the norm substrate and can occupy the same active site |
| Noncompetitive inhibition | occurs when the regulator molecule does not bind to the same site as the substrate |
| enzyme repression | stops further synthesis of an enzyme somewhere along its pathway |
| enzyme induction | process where enzymes appear (are induced) only when suitable substrates are present -- enables org. to adapt to a variety of nutrients and prevents a microbe from wasting energy |
Created by:
JaeLaw23
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