Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
A&P
Exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the three germ layers? | Endoderm, Mesoderm, Ectoderm |
| Five functions of epithelium tissues | Protection, filtration, absorption, secretion, excretion |
| Two types of epithelial tissue | Covering and Lining, glandular |
| What happens with passive transport | particles move along a concentration gradient or pressure gradient |
| Epithelial tissues are _________ | avascular |
| When sodium levels are at or above homeostatic levels in the blood, our kidneys help reduce absorption of sodium ions back into the blood. This is an example of a ___ feedback mechanism | negative |
| Because epithelial tissues are ___ they are dependent in nutrients and oxygen from the nearby connective tissue | avascular |
| Please define tissue | Tissue is a group of cells similar in both structure and function |
| Positive feedback mechanisms tend to exacerbate the original stimulus or the initial response to the stimulus | True |
| a major function of serous membranes is to increase friction | False |
| If an epithelial tissue is specialized in absorbing material from a lumen, the cells of this epithelial tissue must have ___ | Microvilli |
| The dorsal body cavity is the site of which of the following | brain |
| Example of negative feedback system | Regulation of body tempertaure |
| Example of a regulated variable | Temperature |
| Receptor (sensor) | Monitors changes in environment |
| Respiratory System | Supply body with oxygen and eliminates carbon dioxide waste |
| Lymphatic System | Defend the body from disease |
| Digestive System | Breaks down food |
| Integumentary System | Separates the body's internal environment from the external environment |
| Muscular System | Provides locomotion |
| Effector | Provides the means to respond stimulus |
| Control center | Determines the set point and appropriate system response |
| Embryology concerns the structural changes that occur in an individual from conception through old age | False |
| Unlike multicellular exocrine glands, all endocrine glands lack ____ | Ducts |
| Another name for the simple squamous epithelial layers that lines the lumen of blood vessels is _____ | endothelium |
| This epithelial tissue is not ciliated. Its cells in the basal layer look cuboidal, but closer to the apical surface cells look flat. This epithelial tissue is called _____ epithelial tissue | Stratified squamous |
| The anatomical position is characterized by all of the following except ____ | palms turned posteriorly |
| ____ epithelial tissue is adapted for reabsorption of electrolytes and glucose in the tubules of the kidneys | simple cuboidal |
| Place in the correct sequence from complex to simplest: Molecules Atoms Tissues Cells Organ | Organ Tissues Cells Molecules Atoms |
| Simple squamous epithelial tissue helps form the ____ capsule in the kidneys | Glomerular (bowen's capsules) |
| Which answer lists correct locations for hyaline cartilage | wall of trachea and costal cartilage in rib cage |
| Cells type to be seen in areolar connective tissue include all except: ____ | Chondrocytes |
| Which answer lists the correct location for transitional epithelium | lining of bladder |
| Mucous membrane (mucosa) | Located in hollow organs that need lubrication and/ or moisture environment |
| Cutaneous membrane | covers the outer surface of the body |
| Mucous membrane (mucosa) | Lines the inside of the hollow organs that open to the body's exterior |
| Serous membrane (serosa) | Lines the ventral body cavity walls and covers the ventral cavity viscera |
| Structural support of the external ear and other structures that need support with flexibility | elastic cartilage |
| Forms much of the fetal skeleton and covers the articular surfaces of long bones | hyaline cartilage |
| Allows blood vessel walls to distend and recoil | elastic connective tissue |
| endocrine glands are often called ducted glands | False |
| The most abundant and strongest fibers are: | collagen fibers |
| The cartilages and epithelia are similar in that both are _____ | tissues |
| Mucous that protects your stomach lining is secreted by specialized type of | Simple columnar epithelial cell...these specialized simple columnar epithelial cells are goblet cells |
| Mast Cells | Secrete histamine |
| Plasma cells | produce antibodies |
| Fibroblasts | produce collagen, elastic and reticular fibers |
| Macrophages | are phagocytic cells that engulf foreign matter |
| adipocytes | store fat molecules |
| Simple columnar epithelium if the digestive tract is characterized by _____ | multivilli |
| The blastocyst, which usually implants in the uterus ~6 days after fertilization | |
| Substances found in sweat include: | water, sodium chloride, ammonia, urea, uric acid, vitamin c and cerumen. |
| Melanocytes are stimulated to multiply by: | |
| The regional term used to designate the back of the elbow is | |
| Hair follicles are formed from | Hair bulb |
| The four primary tissue types that are derived from the three primary germ layers | Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues |
| Endothelial cells | |
| Goblet cells | |
| The basement membrane, which defines epithelial boundaries | |
| The three primary germ layers from which all body tissues are derived during organogenesis are the: | |
| The major chemical constituent in hyaline cartilage is | |
| The type of connective tissue that generallyis not vascularzied | adipose tissue |
| Proteoglycans contribute to ground substance. Proteoglycans consist of: | |
| Desmosomes and tight junctions serve to: | |
| As a negative feedback homeostatic control mechanism, declining blood glucose levels causes Alpha cells in the pancreas to release glucagon into the blood. Glucagon, in turn: | |
| Labor is an example of a positive homeostatic control mechanism. The hormone that is primarily responsible for the induction of labor via the stimulation of smooth muscle contractions in the uterus is: | |
| A frontal “cut”, “section”, or “plane” through the body: | divides the body into anterior and posterior parts. |
| During organogenesis, hematopoietic tissue and the blood’s formed elements are derived from: | |
| The regional term used to designate the front of the elbow is: | |
| The regional term used to designate the groin region is | inguinal |
| Parietal serosa refers to: | |
| The DNA in each of our nucleated body cell types contains genes, i.e., nucleotide sequences that code for proteins. Which statement is correct? | |
| Epithelial cells are bound to one another by: | |
| Meissner’s corpuscles are present in the: | |
| A body structure in which pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium is found is: | |
| Elastic tissue fibers, which are composed of proteins called elastins, are produced by | |
| Plasma cells: | |
| Aside from water, another major chemical constituent of hyaline cartilage is: | |
| Elastic cartilage: | forms the costal cartilages of the ribs as well as the cartilages of the nose and trachea |
| Goblet cells | |
| Blood is a connective tissue. Its “formed elements” include: | erythrocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and platelets. |
| The type of connective tissue that lacks blood vessels, i.e., is not vascularized, is: | cartilage. |
| Fibrocartilage: | is found in the intervertebral discs, the pubic symphysis, and discs of the knee joint. |
| Cells in the epidermis that decrease in number upon repeated exposure to ultraviolet radiation are: | |
| Cells in the epidermis that decrease in number upon repeated exposure to ultraviolet radiation are: | |
| The regional term used to designate the arm pit is: | axillary. |
| The superior mediastinum: | |
| Cells in holocrine glands accumulate their products until they rupture and release their contents. The example of true holocrine glands in the human body are: | sebaceous glands |
| Sural is the regional term for the: | calf. |
| Antebrachium refers to the: | forearm. |
| The Central Nervous System consists of: | the brain, spinal cord, and cranial and spinal nerves. |
| The regional term that is used for the neck is: | cervical. |
| Which of the following general statements is incorrect? | |
| Normal calcium (Ca++) concentration levels in the blood are about 9-11 mg/100 ml. As a negative feedback homeostatic control mechanism, decreases in blood Ca++: | |
| The ectoderm: | forms all nervous tissue and the epidermis and its derivatives. |
| The human genome contains approximately | |
| Epithelial cells on the basal surface of an epithelial sheet: | |
| A type of epithelial tissue that is found in the larger ducts of sweat glands, mammary glands, and salivary glands is: | |
| Simple squamous epithelial cells that line the internal surfaces of blood vessels and the internal chambers of the heart and that also form lymphatic vessels in the body are called: | |
| Endocrine glands are ductless glands that secrete their products onto epithelial surfaces or into body cavities by exocytosis | |
| Sebaceous glands: | |
| Chondroitin, keratin sulfates, and hyaluronic acid are cell adhesion proteins found in ground substance. | |
| The average adult’s body contains ~40 L of H2O. The volume of water in the body’s interstitial fluid is: | |
| Cells that function in the synthesis, storage, and release of fat are called: | |
| The scientific name for the region beneath the distal free edge of a nail is called the: | hyponychium. |
| Gastrulation is: | the developmental process that produces the three primary germ layers. |
| The regional term used to designate the region between the anus and external genitalia is: | perineal. |
| The regional term for the heel is: | calcaneal. |
| Cells that are present on the surface of the lungs’ air sacs called alveoli are mainly: | simple squamous epithelial cells |
| The regional term for the back of the knee is: | patellar. |
| The basal lamina and the reticular lamina collectively form: | basement membranes |
| Dense regular connective tissue is found in: | tendons. |
| During organogenesis, the connective tissues are derived from embryonic: | mesenchyme |
| The axial skeleton includes: | the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage. |
| Endothelial cells: | are squamous epithelial cells that line the heart’s chambers and blood vessels. |
| Hallux: | pertains to the big toe. |
| The stratum basale of the epidermis consists of: | mitotic stem cells, young keratinocytes, Merkel cells, and melanocytes. |
| In the adult, the skin is renewed approximately: | every 25-45 days. |
| A sagittal “cut”, “section”, or “plane” through the body: | is a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts. |
| Merkel cells and associated Merkel discs serve: | to sense touch. |
| The layer of the epidermis in which flattened keratinocytes contain deteriorating organelles, lamellated granules, and keratohyaline granules is the: | stratum granulosum |
| One function of the skin is the synthesis of Vitamin D. Vitamin D is important because it is required for: | the absorption of calcium from the digestive tract. |
| During organogenesis, hematopoietic tissue and the blood’s formed elements are derived from: a | |
| The outermost layer of the epidermis of the skin is called the: | stratum corneum. |
| In the normal adult, the skin ranges form ~1.5 to 4 mm in thickness and contains about 5% of an individual’s blood volume. In the normal adult, the skin weighs about: | |
| In the normal adult, the skin ranges form ~1.5 to 4 mm in thickness and contains about 5% of an individual’s blood volume. In the normal adult, the skin weighs about: | |
| Mechanoreceptors present in the skin that respond to pressure, touch, and vibration are: | |
| Jaundice is: | an abnormal yellow cast to the skin due to an accumulation of bilirubin in the blood. |
| The most dangerous type of skin cancer is: | melanoma. |
| The volume of sweat that is normally produced daily is about: | |
| To prevent a condition of hypothermia (lower than normal body temperature) in response to cold environmental conditions: | smooth muscles cells in the arterioles in the skin’s dermis contract, thereby diverting blood flow from the skin. |
| Visceral serosa refers to: | |
| The oily secretion called sebum is produced by: | sebaceous glands. |
| Bundles of smooth muscle cells that are attached to hair follicles and serve to pull the hair follicles and the hair they contain into an upright position are called: | arrector Pili |
| The site within the hair follicle where cells are actively dividing to form hair is called the: | the hair bulb. |
Created by:
1618080754
Popular Biology sets