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Neuro PP Clues

QuestionAnswer
Central Nervous System Brain & Spinal Cord; oligodendrocytes
Peripheral Nervous System All except brain/spinal cord; Schwann Cells
Autonomic Nervous System Automatic stuff
Somatic Nervous System Moving your muscles
Parasympathetic System Rest-and-Digest; slows stuff down
How does the Parasympathetic system behave? "DUMBBELS": Diarrhea, Urination, Miosis (constrict), Bradycardia, Bronchoconstriction, Erection (point), Lacrimation, Salivation
Sympathetic System Fight-or-Flight; speeds stuff up
How does the Sympathetic system behave? Opposite of Parasympathetics: Constipation, Urinary Retention, Mydriasis (eyes wide with fright), Tachycardia, Bronchodilation, Ejaculation (shoot), Xeropthalmia (dry eyes), Xerostomia (dry mouth)
Cushing's Triad HTN, Bradycardia, Irregular breathing
Budd-Chiari Hepatic vein obstruction
Dandy Walker malformation No cerebellum; Distended 4th/lateral ventricles
Anencephaly Notochord did not make contact w/ brain; only have medulla
Encephalocele Brain tissue herniation
Arnold-Chiari malformation Herniation of cerebellum through foramen magnum; TYPE I - cerebellar tonsils (asymptomatic); TYPE II - cerebellar vermis/medulla, hydrocephalus, syringomyelia (loss of pain/temp)
Spina bifida occulta Covered by skin w/ tuft of hair
Spina bifida aperta Has an opening (high AFP)
Meningocele Sacral pocket w/ meninges in it
Meningomyelocele Sacral pocket w/ meninges and nerves in it
Open-Angle Glaucoma Overproduction of fluid; Painless ipsilateral dilated pupil; Gradual tunnel vision; Optic disc cupping
Closed-Angle Glaucoma Obstruction of canal of Schlemm; Sudden onset; Pain; Emergency
What are the watershed areas? Hippocampus; Splenic flexure
What bug loves the frontal lobe? Rubella
What bug loves the temporal lobe? HSV
What bug loves the parietal lobe? Toxoplasma
What bug loves the hippocampus? Rabies
What bug loves the posterior fossa? TB
What bug loves the DCML tract? Treponema
How do migraines present? Aura, Photophobia, Numbness & tingling, Throbbing HA, Nausea
How do tension HA present? "band-like" pain starts in posterior neck; worse as day progresses; sleep disturbance
How do cluster HA present? Rhinorrhea, Unilateral orbital pain, Suicidal, Facial flushing, Worse when lying down
How does temporal arteritis present? Pain with chewing; Blind in one eye (emergency)
How does trigeminal neuralgia present? Sharp, shooting face pain
2 kinds of Partial Seizures Simple (aware); Complex (not aware)
3 kinds of Generalized Seizures Tonic-clonic (grand mal); Absence (petit mal); Status epilepticus
Epidural Hematoma Intermittent consciousness, "lucid interval"
Subdural Hematoma HA 4wks after trauma; Elderly (loose brain)
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage "worst HA of my life"; hx of berry aneurysm
Astrocytoma Rosenthal fibers; #1 in kids w/ occipital HA
Ependymoma Rosettes, in 4th ventricle, Hydrocephalus
Craniopharyngioma "motor oil biopsy", Tooth enamel, Rathke's pouch, ADH problem, Bitemporal hemorrhage
Hemangioblastoma Cerebellum, Von-Hippel-Lindau
Medulloblastoma Pseudorosettes, Compresses brain, Early morning vomiting
Meningioma Parasagittal, Psammoma bodies, Whorling pattern, Best prognosis
Which cancers metastasize to the brain? Lung, Breast, Skin (see mets at the white-grey junction)
Oligodendroglioma Fried egg appearance, Nodular calcification
Pinealoma Loss of upward gaze, Loss of circadian rhythms, Precocious puberty
Schwannoma CN8 tumor, Unilateral deafness
Neurofibromatosis Cafe Au Lait Spots (hyperpigmentation), Peripheral Nerve Tumors, Axillary Freckles
Neurofibromatosis TYPE I Von Recklinghausen's; Peripheral; Chrom 17; Optic glioma; Lisch nodules; Scoliosis
Neurofibromatosis TYPE II Acoustic Neuroma; Central; Chrom 22; Cataracts; Bilateral deafness
Sturge-Weber Port wine stain (big purple spot) on forehead; Angioma of retina
Tuberous Sclerosis Ashen leaf spots (hypopigmentation); Primary brain tumors; Rhabdomyolysis of heart; Renal cell Cancer; Shagreen spots (leathery)
Created by: clbaca
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