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How is respiration regulated? Inhale - exchanges of gasses across membranes. Exhale due to increased C02. Accessory muscles used.
Normal rate of respiration - Adult 12-20
Normal rate of respiration - Over 70 15-20
Normal rate of respiration - Teen 15-20
Normal rate of respiration - Child 15-25
Normal rate of respiration - Infant 30-60
Tachypnea greater than 20
Bradynea less than 10 -meds, brain damage
Hyperventilation Increased rate and depth
Hypoventilation Decreased, can be due to narcotics/anesthesia
Cheyne - Stokes Rapid followed by apnea Overdose, heart failure, cranial pressure
Biot irregular -meningitis, brain damage
Orthopnea easier to breathe in an upright
Arterial Oxygen saturation Pulse ox normal 90-100
Hypoxia inadequate cellular oxygenation
5 interventions for client with impaired respiratory status -monitor Spo2 sat -adjust position to maximize breathing -encourage coughing, turning -assist with spirometer -assist with walking 3-4 x daily -give meds that promote airway patency -teach breathing technique
blood pressure refers to force of blood against arterial walls
systolic pressure number on top, highest pressure formed when heart contracts (systolr) and ejects blood into the arteries
diastolic pressure lowest pressure, heart at rest, refills
mean arterial pressure MAP is average pressure within arteries
normal BP range 120/80
BP pattern compare client's BP to his regular BP to make determination about normal/abnormal
brachial blood pressure reading left arm at heart level, pump to 20 mmg over, let air out slowly, document
cuff size must be appropriate to get accurate reading
What neurological center controls respiration? medulla oblongata pons
Created by: Marshall3
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