Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Microbio - Chap 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is 4x in micrometers? | 4500 micrometers |
| what is 10x in micrometers? | 1800 micrometers |
| what is 40x in micrometers? | 450 micrometers |
| what is 100x in micrometers? | 180 micrometers |
| cocci | circles |
| bacilli | rods |
| spiral | squiggly line |
| 3 domains | eukarya, bacteria, archaea |
| 4 kingdoms of eukarya | fungi, animalia, plante, protista |
| 3 phylums of fungi | zygomycota, basidiomycota, ascomycota |
| 1 sub phylum of ascomycota | deuteromycota |
| Trichophyton | deuteromycota |
| Rhizopus | zygomycota |
| Cryptococcus neoformans | basidiomycota |
| 4 organisms of ascomycota from lab | Aspergillus fumigatus Penicillium Saccharomyces Candida albicans |
| Histoplasma capsulatum | ascomycota |
| 2 subgroups of protista | Animal like and plant like (algae) |
| 4 organisms of algae | Diatoms Euglena Volvox Spirogyra |
| 4 phylums of "animal like" protists | mastigophora sarcodina apicomplexa ciliophora |
| Giardia lamblia | mastigophora |
| Entamoeba histolytica | sarcodina |
| 1 organism of ciliophora | Balantidium coli |
| Plasmodium vivax | apicomplexa |
| Synonym for apicomplexa | sporozoa |
| Whittaker's 5 kingdom system | Animalia, fungi, monera, protista, plante |
| KPCOFGS? | kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species |
| strains | varies by one gene difference |
| difference between archaea and bacteria? | different cell wall compositions |
| what does bacteria have in its cell wall? | PEPTIDOGLYCAN |
| 2 normal flora? | Escherichia coli Staphylococcus aureus |
| Escherichia coli's habitat & name? | large intestine (COLON) : Theodore ESCHERICH |
| Staphylococcus aureus's habitat & name? | skin, staphylo (clustered) cocci (sphere) aureus (gold colored) |
| 3 characteristics considered when classifying: 4 subcharacteristics for the first one? | Cellular nature (prok vs euk, unicellular vs multi, cell wall? motility?) nutrition (auto vs hetero) etc |
| greek name for prokaryote and eukaryote | pro = prenucleus euk = true nucleus |
| what about prokaryote's chromosome? | one circular chromosome, not in membrane |
| archaea cell wall made of? | PSEUDOMUREIN |
| 5 characteristics of eukaryotes | paired chromosomes in nuclear membrane histones organelles polysaccharide cell walls mitotic spindle |
| eukaryote cell wall made of? | POLYSACCHARIDE |
| do prokaryotes have histones? | no |
| do prokaryotes have membrane bound organelles? | no |
| how do prokaryotes reproduce? | binary fission |
| what about eukaryote's chromosomes? | paired, inside nuclear membrane |
| do eukaryotes have histones? | yes |
| do eukaryotes have membrane bound organelles? | yes |
| how do eukaryotes reproduce? | mitosis, mitotic spindle |
| Blastomyces dermatidis | ascomycota |
| Coccidioides immitis | ascomycota |
| Pneumocystis jiroveci | ascomycota |
| Claviceps | ascomycota |
| Trichomonas vaginalis | mastigophora |
| Trypanosoma brucei | mastigophora |
| Trypanosoma cruzi | mastigophora |
| Leishmania donovani | mastigophora |
| Nagleria fowleri | sarcodina |
| Acanthamoeba keratitis | sarcodina |
| Toxoplasmosis gondii | apicomplexa |
| Cryptosporidium parvum | apicomplexa |
| how does bacteria reproduce? | binary fission |
| 3 things how do bacteria use energy? | organic chemicals, inorganic chemicals, photosynthesis |
| 3 groups archaea include? | methanogens, extreme halophiles, extreme thermophiles |
| methanogen | methane producing organism |
| cell walls of fungi? | CHITIN |
| 1 source of energy for fungi? | organic chemicals |
| fungi are multicellular except for? | YEAST |
| molds and muchrooms are composed of ____ which are composed of filaments called ______ | mycelia, hyphae |
| protozoa are prokaryotes or eukaryotes? | EUKARYOTES |
| 1 source of energy for protozoa? | organic chemicals |
| 3 motile protozoan structures? | pseudopods, cilia, flagella |
| algae are prokarytes or eukaryotes? | eukaryotes |
| algae cell walls have? | CELLULOSE |
| how do algae obtain energy? | photosynthesis |
| 2 things algae produce? | molecular oxygen and organic compounds |
| are viruses prokaryotes or eukaryotes | NEITHER; acellular |
| what kinds of cores do viruses consist of? | DNA or RNA |
| what is surrounding a virus's core? | PROTEIN COAT |
| what may surround the protein coat of a virus? | LIPID ENVELOPE |
| when is the only time that viruses can replicate? | in a host cell |
| 2 things that are helminths? | parasitic flatworms and roundworms |
| Significance of Robert Hooke? | cork made of boxes, or CELLS |
| significance of Rudolf Virchow? | cells arize from preexisting cells |
| Anton van Leeuwenhoek, significance? | described LIVE microorganisms (sperm) |
| spontaneous generation | hypothesis that living organisms arise from nonliving matter |
| biogenesis | hypothesis that living organisms arise from preexisting life |
| 2 things Pasteur found: | microbes are responsible for fermentation, bacteria will die from heat but alcohol won't vaporize |
| fermentation | conversion of sugar to alcohol |
| pasteurization | application of high heat for a short time |
| Semmelweis significance? | advocated handwashing to prevent transmission of microbes |
| Lister significance? | used chemical disinfectant to prevent surgical wound infections |
| What did Koch prove? | a bacterium causes anthrax |
| what are the 5 Koch's postulates? | microorganisms are observed in sick animal cultivated in lab organisms injected into healthy animal animal develops disease organisms are observed in now sick animal |
| what does Koch's postulates do? | relate a specific microorganism to a specific disease |
| chemotherapy | treatment with chemicals |
| what are 2 chemotherapeutic agents? | synthetic drugs, antibiotics |
| antibiotics | chemicals produced by bacteria and fungi that inhibit or kill other microbes |
| Alexander Fleming? | discovered first antibiotic |
| normal microbiota | normal flora |
| 2 pros of normal microbiota | prevents growth of pathogens, produces growth factors like folic acid and vitamin K |
| resistance | ability of body to ward off disease |
| 3 resistance factors? | stomach acid, skin, antimicrobial chemicals |
| quarrum sensing | the ability to turn genes on and off |
| in waterfowl and poultry, no human-human transmission yet? | Avian influenza A |
| MRSA | methicillin-resistanct Staphylococcus aureus |
| VISA | vancomycin-intermediate-resistant S. aureus |
| VRSA | vancomycin-resistant S. aureus |
| caused by west nile virus | West Nile Encephalitis |
| 2 names for mad cow, caused by prions | Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy |
| leading cause of diarrhea, toxin producing strain | E. coli O157:H7 |
| ebola virus, causes fever, hemorrhaging, blood clotting | Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever |
| caused by Cryptosporidium protozoa, transmitted via water in US, causes diarrhea | Cryptosporidiosis |
| caused by human immunodeficiency virus, sexually transmitted | Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
Created by:
ngrable
Popular Biology sets