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Bio Exam 1

Lecture Concepts to Know for Exam 1

QuestionAnswer
What is Positive Feedback Loop? The process where one occurance leads to another, which leades to another, and so on.
What is Negative Feedback Loop? The process where one occurance does not lead to another, but rather stops.
What is the majority of the composition of an atom? Empty space.
What are good and bad sources of calcium? Good- milk & brocolli Bad- Tums
What are 3 primary types of bonds between atoms? Strongest one? Ionic (strongest), Covalent (SCHNOPs), & Hydrogen.
What is the main cause of fatigue? Lack of oxygen.
What happens to the stomach with chronic stress? The pH becomes more basic.
What is the normal pH of the...? Mouth, stomach, sm intestine, and lg intestine? Mouth- 6.8 Stomach- 1-3 Sm Int- 8.2 Lg Int- 6.4
Why do cooked carrots taste sweeter than when raw? As bonds are broken, simple sugars break off and taste sweet.
What part of the body could be called "human potato?" Liver. (back up sugars/glycogen)
What is Sat, Mufa, & Pufa? Sat- Saturated Fats Mufa- Monounsaturated Fatty Acid Pufa- Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid
Why are trans fats considered bad for you? They are unnatural, make platelets sticky, and inhibit oxygen transport.
What are health benefits of essential fatty acids? They help with inflammation. (omegas)
Why do some poeple consider a no-cholesterol diet bad for you? Because it will make you weak and have dry skin.
What exactly is a protein? It is a polypeptide with a monomer made of amino acids.
What are 3 amino acids with medical uses? Glycine- anti-anxiety Tryptophan- sleepy Argine- blood vessels expand
What is the difference between nitrogenous base, nucleotide, and nucleic acid? Nit. Base- ATGC & AUGC Nucleotide- makes monomer Nucleic Acid- makes polymer
What is diffusion? What is osmosis? Diffusion- movement from area of greater to lesser concentration. Osmosis- from lesser to more conc.
Why is stomach acid one of the first things to fail when a patient is fatigued? Because it takes the most ATP to push acid into the stomach.
Medical uses of hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic solutions? Hypo- hydrate someone dehydrated Hyper- replenish energy Iso- rehydrate
How are proteins created? Nucleus -> ribosome -> golgi -> final.
What is the nickname of mitochondria? Why? Power house of the cell. -Generates the most ATP.
What happens after death with no lysosomes? No decomposition.
What is the difference between chromatid, chromatin, and chromosome? Chromatid- makes up chromosomes Chromatin- when cell is in interphase Chromosome- form genetic material during mitosis/meiosis
Created by: jessicahooker
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