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Simonds_Cells
Cell Parts and Function and Cellular Transport
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| eukaryotic | cells that have nucleus and membrane bound organelles (mitochondria, chloroplast, etc.) |
| prokaryotic | cells that do NOT have a true nucleus or membrane bound organelles (they do have DNA, cell walls, cell membranes) |
| T or F Bacteria are eukaryotic cells | FALSE Bacteria are prokaryotic cells |
| 3 parts of cell theory | 1. All organisms are made of cells 2. Cells are the basic unit of all living things. 3. Cells come from existing cells |
| Cell with no nucleus | prokaryotic |
| bacteria are an example of this type of cell | prokaryotic |
| animals and plants are an example of this type of cell | eukaryotic |
| type of cells that YOU have | eukaryotic |
| unicellular | organisms that have only 1 cell |
| Example an organism that is unicellular | bacteria |
| multicellular | made up of MORE than one cell (many cells) |
| 2 examples of organisms that are multicellular | plants and animals |
| organelles found only in plant cells | cell wall and chloroplast |
| organelle found only in animal cells | centrioles |
| cellulose | carbohydrate that makes up cell walls in plants |
| type of biomolecule that cellulose is classified as | carbohydrate |
| building blocks (monomer) of carbohydrates | saccharide |
| cell wall | in prokaryotic and Plant cells, gives cell rigid structure |
| nucleus | the control center of the eukaryotic cell |
| brain of cell | nucleus |
| organelle that contains DNA | nucleus |
| organelle that contains the nucleolus | nucleus |
| organelle that is surrounded by a nuclear envelope | nucleus |
| organelle that contains chromosomes | nucleus |
| organelles that contains nuclear pores | nucleus |
| site of protein synthesis | ribosomes |
| organelle that makes ribosomes | nucleolus |
| building blocks of proteins | amino acids |
| organelle that follows the directions of the DNA to make proteins | ribosomes |
| organelle that moves in and out of the nucleus | ribosomes |
| organelle that is made by the nucleolus and makes proteins | ribosomes |
| cytoplasm | gel-like material inside ALL cells |
| organelle that prevents organelles from being damaged by cell movement | cytoplasm |
| site of MANY chemical reactions in the cell, helps protect organelles in cell | cytoplasm |
| cytoskeleton | found in the cytoplasm, helps maintain cell shape |
| organelle that is made of a network of protein filaments | cytoskeleton |
| works together with the cytoplasm to help organelles move in cell and protect the organelles | cytoskeleton |
| type of Endoplasmic Reticulum that has ribosomes | rough Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| type of Endoplasmic Reticulum that DOES NOT have ribosomes | smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| Endoplamic Reticulum | transportation system for cell, looks like folded accordion |
| organelle that receives ribosomes from the nucleolus | Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| organelle that is also involved in protein synthesis since it contains ribosomes | Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| vacuole | storage system for eukaryotic cells |
| stores food, water, and some waste of the cell | vacuole |
| this organelle is larger in plants than animals since it stores water | vacuole |
| you only find one large one of this organelle in plants, but find many small ones of this organelle in animals | vacuole |
| lysosome | contains digestive enzymes to dispose of unneeded waste of cell |
| organelle that digest excess or worn out organelles | lysosomes |
| organelle that digest food, viruses, and bacteria for the cell | lysosomes |
| only found in plants cells, and performs photosynthesis | chloroplast |
| chloroplast | captures light energy from sun and converts it to chemical energy (glucose) |
| organelle that captures sunlight for the plant cell | chloroplast |
| centrioles | aid in cell divisions FOR animals |
| organelle that help animal cells divide | centrioles |
| organelle that occurs in pairs and helps animal cells divide | centrioles |
| golgi | modify, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the ER. |
| 2 other names for golgi | golgi bodies, golgi apparatus |
| organelle that packages proteins from the ER and ribosomes | golgi |
| organelle that packages amino acids from the ER | golgi |
| type of cellular transport that does not require energy (does not use ATP) | Passive Transport |
| type of cellular transport that does require energy (uses ATP) | Active Transport |
| type of cellular transport that moves molecules from high to low concentration | passive transport |
| type of cellular transport that moves molecules from low to high concentration | active transport |
| type of cellular transport that moves molecules AGAINST the concentration gradient | active transport |
| type of cellular transport that moves molecules WITH the concentration gradient | passive transport |
| Osmosis is _________ transport (active or passive) | passive |
| Diffusion is _________ transport (active or passive) | passive |
| Facilitated Diffusion is _________ transport (active or passive) | passive |
| Endocytosis is _________ transport (active or passive) | active |
| Exocytosis is _________ transport (active or passive) | active |
| the movement of molecules from high to low concentration | diffusion and passive transport |
| the diffusion of water | osmosis |
| isotonic | solution that has the same concentration in the cell and out of the cell |
| when a cell is put in this type of solution, the cell does not change size | isotonic |
| movement of water in the cell and out of the cell is the same | isotonic |
| hypertonic | cell shrinks in this type of solution |
| cell looses water in this type of solution | hypertonic |
| water concentration is HIGHER inside the cell than outside the cell | hypertonic |
| hypotonic | the cell swells in this type of solution |
| cell gains water and swells (can even burst) in this type of solution | hypotonic |
| water concentration is HIGHER OUTSIDE the cell than inside the cell | hypotonic |
| type of transport that does not use ATP | passive transport |
| type of transport that needs a protein to help in move in or out of the cell | facilitated diffusion |
| type of passive transport that uses a protein to move across the membrane | facilitated diffusion |
| active transport | type of transport that moves things from LOW to HIGH, uses energy |
| movement of molecules REQUIRES energy | active transport |
| two types of active transport | endocytosis and exocytosis |
| three types of passive transport | diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion |
| endocytosis | materials are engulfed and moved into the cell using energy |
| exocytosis | materials are expelled (removed) from the cell using energy |
| type of membrane that allows certain things in the cell and prevents others from entering | selectively permeable |
| how many layers in a cell membrane | 2 |
| type of protein that is used in facilitated diffusion | channel protein |
| biomolecules that are in a cell membrane | lipids, carbohydrates, proteins |
| type of cell that has a cell membrane | ALL CELLS have a cell membrane |
| type of cell that has a cell wall | plant and prokaryotic (bacteria) cells |
| substance that makes the cell walls of plants | cellulose |
| homeostasis | the cell trying to maintain a stable internal environment |
Created by:
ssimond1
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