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Vocab. StarsUnit S.1
Science Vocabulary for Stars Unit
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Protostar | an early stage in the process of star formation |
| Sunspots | They are caused by intense magnetic activity. Dark spots compared to surrounding areas. |
| Supernova | burst of radiation, new star |
| High mass Star Formation | main sequence, red super giant, supernova, black hole OR neutron star |
| Low mass star formation | main sequence, red giant, white dwarf |
| fusion | nuclei join together and expand the whole star |
| H-R Diagram | scatter graph of stars showing the relationship between the stars' absolute magnitudes |
| Absolute magnitude | measure of a celestial object's brightness |
| Black hole | region of spacetime from which nothing (not even light) can escape |
| fission | (splitting of something into two parts) is a nuclear reaction where the nucleus splits into smaller parts , producing neutrons and protons (in the form of gamma rays), and releasing energy. |
| What does the sun effect? | EVERYTHING |
| How much mass does the Sun contain of the whole Solar System? | 98.86% |
| Different colored stars = | Different surface temperature |
| Sun | Hydrogen & Helium |
| Plasma | part of matter; when hydrogen atoms produce energy |
| At extreme temperatures, atoms... | Electrons are stripped off and leave nuclei |
| Core | Center of the sun *matter is 10x denser than lead |
| gravity & Sun | Large amount of mass = continual nuclear reactions |
| radiation Zone | next to the core. Photons bounce |
| Interface Layer | Between radiation zone and convection zone. Magnetic field |
| Convection Zone | *Cooler temperature = atoms with electrons will have convect |
| Convect | Circular movement of particles, heat goes through them |
| Name all the outer Layers of the sun | Photosphere Chromosphere, and Corona |
| How many Inner layers of the sun are there? | 4 |
| name the inner layers of the sun | Core, Interface, convection, radiation zone |
| How many outer layers of the sun are there? | 3 |
| Photosphere | Visible surface of the sun, Most light, (No solid materials)thin |
| What does photosphere mean? | Sphere of light |
| Chromosphere | Above the photosphere, hotter than the photosphere |
| Corona | Final Layer, visible during a solar eclipse, forms energy *Corona expands from sun = Solar Wind |
| Chromosphere means... | sphere of color |
| Corona means... | crown |
| is the Sun static? | NO |
| Is the sun a solid? | NO |
| What is one thing the sun does for the planets? | Holds planets in orbit |
| Sun's energy is = to | 40,000 WATTS per day |
| Solar Wind | when particles escape the gravitational pull from the sun at variety of speeds, which gives off magnetic charge, which sets them free in our solar system |
| What can Solar Wind do? | Destroy space equipment |
| Solar Flares | Violent eruption off the sun = to TNT |
| Sunspots | Cooler/darker places on sun |
| Little Ice Age | point in time when the sun was "quiet" when rivers were frozen and ice was everywhere |
| Example of radiation | Blacksmith's hot iron |
| As objects get hotter, what do the wavelengths of its radiation do? | they shorten and change colors (ROYGBIV Wavelength) |
| Temperature of a star can be determined by its... | COLOR |
| Absolute magnitude | Measure of brightness stars generate from the surface |
| Bright star magnitude = | -5k or below |
| Average star magnitude = | 1k |
| dim star magnitude = | 10k |
| k stands for ... | Kelvin Scale |
| How do you find temp. using kelvin scale? | Temperature in Celsius + 273 |
| What does an H-R Diagram show?! | Temperature, absolute magnitude, color, and star |
| What did Hertzbrung and Russell discover? | There is a relationship between brightness and surface temperature |
| Main Sequence (Line of stars) | S - shaped line with adult stars |
| Red Giants | bright b/c of size, but are cooler in temperature |
| White Dwarfs | Extremely hot b/c of helium fusion yet dim b/c of size |
| How is the H-R Diagram useful? | To classify stars/predict how stars change over time. (Temperature and Brightness) |
| Blue = (Temperature) | HOT |
| Why is blue the color of the hottest stars? | More wave frequency = more energy = radiation! |
| What color would a star with 11,000 - 25,000k be? | BLUE |
| What color would a star with 5,000 - 7,500 k be? | Yellow |
| If a star had an absolute magnitude of -1, what kind of star would it be? | Giant |
| Name 7 parts of the sun | Sunspots, Core, Radiation zone, convection zone, corona, chromosphere, andphotosphere |
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Zacfan0501
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